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Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for Periprosthetic Joint Infections

Bogdan Cretu1, Sergiu Iordache1, Adrian Cursaru1

  • 1Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, ROU.

Cureus
|May 11, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) offers a faster, more sensitive method for identifying pathogens in periprosthetic joint infections (PJI). This molecular diagnostic approach aids in targeted antibiotic therapy and improves treatment efficiency for this common complication.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a significant complication following arthroplasty, leading to substantial healthcare costs.
  • Accurate pathogen identification is crucial for effective, targeted antibiotic therapy in managing PJIs.
  • Conventional culture methods have limitations in speed and sensitivity for microbial detection in PJIs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review novel molecular diagnostic methods for periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs).
  • To evaluate the impact of advanced molecular techniques on PJI treatment efficacy.
  • To highlight the potential of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in diagnosing PJIs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on molecular diagnostic techniques for PJIs.
  • Focus on next-generation sequencing (NGS) and metagenomic NGS (mNGS) applications.
  • Comparison of NGS performance against conventional culture-based methods.

Main Results:

  • NGS offers increased specificity and sensitivity for pathogen identification in PJIs.
  • Metagenomic NGS (mNGS) enables faster detection of microorganisms and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs).
  • NGS technologies show promise in overcoming limitations of traditional diagnostic approaches.

Conclusions:

  • NGS represents a significant advancement in the molecular diagnostics of PJIs.
  • These cutting-edge techniques have the potential to revolutionize the diagnostic paradigm for PJIs.
  • Improved diagnostic accuracy through NGS can enhance targeted treatment strategies and patient outcomes.
Keywords:
metagenomics ngsnext-generation sequencingperiprosthetic joint infectionstargeted antibioticstotal knee

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