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Dynamics of cell rounding during detachment.

Agata Nyga1, Katarzyna Plak2,3, Martin Kräter3,4

  • 1Cell Biology, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.

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|May 11, 2023
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Summary

Partial loss of cell adhesion triggers actomyosin-dependent remodeling, causing interphase cells to round up. This process, distinct from mitotic rounding, offers insights into cell detachment and suspension mechanics.

Keywords:
Cell biologyDevelopmental biologyMolecular biology

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Biophysics
  • Mechanobiology

Background:

  • Animal cells dynamically change shape, notably rounding during division and interphase migration.
  • Interphase cell rounding, particularly in migrating cancer cells, is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms driving interphase cell rounding due to substrate detachment.
  • To investigate the role of actomyosin-dependent cortical remodeling in cell rounding.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated cell rounding triggered by partial substrate adhesion loss.
  • Examined actomyosin dynamics, ERM activation, and cortical remodeling.
  • Compared mechanisms with mitotic rounding, assessing the requirement for Ect2.

Main Results:

  • Partial substrate adhesion loss initiates actomyosin-dependent cortical remodeling and ERM activation.
  • This remodeling facilitates further adhesion loss, leading to cell rounding.
  • The observed rounding mechanism shares features with mitotic rounding but does not require Ect2.

Conclusions:

  • Partial loss of substrate adhesion is a key driver of interphase cell rounding via cortical remodeling.
  • Understanding this mechanism is crucial for studying cell mechanics in suspension, such as with real-time deformability cytometry (RT-DC).