Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phylogeny01:23

Phylogeny

44.8K
Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire kingdom.
44.8K
Diversity of Protists III01:27

Diversity of Protists III

64
Rhizaria are a diverse group of unicellular protists characterized by their threadlike cytoplasmic extensions known as pseudopodia. These structures aid in both locomotion and feeding, giving Rhizaria an amoeboid appearance. Their amoeboid morphology once led to taxonomic confusion, but molecular phylogenetics has clarified their evolutionary placement and emphasized their shared use of pseudopodia despite divergent lineages.This clade comprises diverse lineages such as Chlorarachniophyta,...
64
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

5.9K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.9K
Phylogenetic Trees03:21

Phylogenetic Trees

45.7K
Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.
45.7K
Diversity of Protists I01:15

Diversity of Protists I

52
Excavata is a diverse group of protists that includes both chemoorganotrophic and phototrophic species, with some thriving in anaerobic environments. Among the key groups within Excavata are diplomonads and parabasalids, which are flagellated protists that lack mitochondria and chloroplasts. These microorganisms typically inhabit anoxic environments, such as the intestines of animals, where they exist either symbiotically or as parasites, relying on fermentation for energy production. Some...
52
The Tree of Life - Bacteria, Archaea, Eukaryotes02:40

The Tree of Life - Bacteria, Archaea, Eukaryotes

32.7K
The “tree of life” describes the evolution of life and the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The root of the tree is the common ancestor to all life on Earth. All other species radiate from this point, much like the branches of a tree. The numerous tips of these branches on the tree of life represent every living, or extant, species. Extinct species, which are species that no longer exist, can be found towards the center of the tree. Currently, these organisms, both...
32.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

In situ observations reveal a link between association behaviour, camouflage and eye complexity in midwater amphipods.

Proceedings. Biological sciences·2026
Same author

Multilayered Human Activities Shape the Microbial Communities of Groundwater-Dependent Ecosystems on an Arid Oceanic Island.

Microbial ecology·2026
Same author

Phase-noise and stability comparison of fiber-loop and integrated-waveguide coupling in optomechanical crystal oscillators.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

A new family of the order Monstrilloida (Copepoda) from deep waters of the North Atlantic supported by morphological and genetic evidence.

PeerJ·2026
Same author

Subterranean environments contribute to three-quarters of classified ecosystem services.

Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society·2026
Same author

Insufficient Expression of the Autophagic Protein ATG16L1 Results in Accelerated Carcinogenesis Related to an Aberrant B Cell Response.

Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 30, 2025

Maintaining Biological Cultures and Measuring Gene Expression in Aphis nerii: A Non-model System for Plant-insect Interactions
07:20

Maintaining Biological Cultures and Measuring Gene Expression in Aphis nerii: A Non-model System for Plant-insect Interactions

Published on: August 31, 2018

7.7K

A transcriptome-based phylogeny for Polynoidae (Annelida: Aphroditiformia).

Brett C Gonzalez1, Vanessa L González2, Alejandro Martínez3

  • 1Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, P.O. Box 37012, Washington D.C., USA.

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
|May 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study presents the first phylogenomic analysis of the diverse marine worm family Polynoidae. It reveals new insights into their evolutionary relationships, particularly the placement of Lepidonotopodinae within Macellicephalinae.

Keywords:
LepidonotopodinaeMacellicephalinaePhylogenomicsScale wormsTranscriptomics

More Related Videos

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation in the Cnidarian Model System Exaiptasia diaphana
11:48

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation in the Cnidarian Model System Exaiptasia diaphana

Published on: March 17, 2023

491
Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
08:57

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin

Published on: August 14, 2018

16.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 30, 2025

Maintaining Biological Cultures and Measuring Gene Expression in Aphis nerii: A Non-model System for Plant-insect Interactions
07:20

Maintaining Biological Cultures and Measuring Gene Expression in Aphis nerii: A Non-model System for Plant-insect Interactions

Published on: August 31, 2018

7.7K
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation in the Cnidarian Model System Exaiptasia diaphana
11:48

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation in the Cnidarian Model System Exaiptasia diaphana

Published on: March 17, 2023

491
Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
08:57

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin

Published on: August 14, 2018

16.0K

Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Polynoidae (scale worms) represent a highly diverse group within Annelida, inhabiting a wide range of marine environments.
  • Understanding the evolutionary relationships within Polynoidae has been challenging due to their extensive diversity and limited genomic data.
  • Previous phylogenetic studies have faced limitations in taxon sampling and genomic scope.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct the first phylogenomic analyses of Polynoidae using transcriptomic data.
  • To investigate the internal phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of this diverse annelid family.
  • To provide a robust phylogenetic framework for future studies on Polynoidae.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenomic analysis utilizing 12 transcriptomes from Polynoidae species.
  • Sampling across diverse habitats including shallow/deep waters, hydrothermal vents, caves, and midwater.
  • Analysis of molecular data to infer evolutionary relationships and clade structures.

Main Results:

  • Congruent tree topologies were recovered, supporting distinct clades for Polynoinae and Macellicephalinae.
  • Lepidonotopodinae taxa were consistently found nested within the Macellicephalinae clade.
  • The study provides strong support for previously hypothesized relationships between Macellicephalinae and Lepidonotopodinae.

Conclusions:

  • The phylogenomic framework clarifies the placement of Lepidonotopodinae within Macellicephalinae, refining annelid evolutionary understanding.
  • New insights into the origins of specialized lineages, such as cave-dwelling and pelagic Polynoidae, are provided.
  • This research establishes a foundation for further exploring the evolutionary radiation of scale worms.