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Related Concept Videos

Thermal Stress01:09

Thermal Stress

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If the temperature of an object is changed while it is prevented from expanding or contracting, the object is subjected to stress. The stress is compressive if the object expands in the absence of constraint and tensile if it contracts. This stress resulting from temperature change is known as thermal stress. It can be quite large and can cause damage. To avoid this stress, engineers may design components so they can expand and contract freely. For instance, on highways, gaps are deliberately...
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Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal01:27

Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal

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Rectal temperature measurement is considered the most precise method for assessing core body temperature and typically registers higher than oral temperature. For adults, the rectal thermometer should be inserted 1 to 1.5 inches into the rectum to obtain the most accurate reading.
Follow these steps for rectal temperature assessment:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don clean gloves to prevent cross-infection.
Step 2: Position the patient in a side-lying position to better visualize the rectal...
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Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

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Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
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Assessing Body Temperature - Oral01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Oral

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Here are the steps to accurately measure oral temperature using an electronic thermometer:
Step 1:
Start by practicing proper hand hygiene to prevent the spread of microorganisms.
Step 2:
Take the thermometer out of the charging unit, switch it on, and wait for the ready sign.
Step 3:
Gently slide the probe cover until a click is heard. This simple action prevents cross-contamination and ensures the correct placement of the probe cover.
Step 4:
Instruct the patient to open their mouth and place...
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Responses to Heat and Cold Stress02:45

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

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Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
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Heating and Cooling Curves02:44

Heating and Cooling Curves

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When a substance—isolated from its environment—is subjected to heat changes, corresponding changes in temperature and phase of the substance is observed; this is graphically represented by heating and cooling curves.
For instance, the addition of heat raises the temperature of a solid; the amount of heat absorbed depends on the heat capacity of the solid (q = mcsolidΔT). According to thermochemistry, the relation between the amount of heat absorbed or released by a substance, q, and its...
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Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation
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Temperature changes of CoolSticks during simulated use.

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  • 1North West School of Anaesthesia, Health Education England North West, Manchester, UK.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The reusable CoolStick maintains a working temperature below 15°C for at least 10 minutes, offering a sustainable alternative to vapo-coolant sprays for assessing neuraxial anaesthesia.

Keywords:
Anesthesia, EpiduralAnesthesia, ObstetricalAnesthesia, SpinalEnvironment and Public Health

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Medical Devices
  • Sustainability in Healthcare

Background:

  • Vapo-coolant sprays are commonly used for neuraxial anesthesia and analgesia assessment.
  • These sprays contribute to the carbon footprint of anesthesia.
  • A reusable alternative, the CoolStick, is proposed to reduce environmental impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the duration the CoolStick maintains a working temperature (<15°C).
  • To assess the feasibility of using the CoolStick as a sustainable tool in clinical practice.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments utilized thermocouples and digital temperature sensors to monitor the CoolStick.
  • Two re-warming experiments were conducted: passive and simulated use over 10 minutes.
  • A cooling experiment assessed the time required for refrigeration after use.

Main Results:

  • In passive re-warming, the CoolStick reached 14.3°C after 10 minutes (starting at 7.3°C).
  • During simulated use, the temperature rose to 18.9°C after 10 minutes (starting at 7.3°C).
  • The device cooled to 7.6°C within 40 minutes in the refrigerator.

Conclusions:

  • The CoolStick is a feasible reusable device for providing cold sensation in clinical settings.
  • Its performance suggests potential as an eco-friendly alternative to coolant sprays.
  • Further clinical studies are needed to compare its effectiveness against current methods.