Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Seed Structure and Early Development of the Sporophyte

Seed Structure and Early Development of the Sporophyte

Seed structures are composed of a protective seed coat surrounding a plant embryo, and a food store for the developing embryo. The embryo contains the precursor tissues for leaves, stem, and roots. The endosperm and cotyledons—seed leaves—act as the food reserves for the growing embryo.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Physical exercise and problematic smartphone use among adolescents in Western China: a multi-center cross-sectional study on the serial mediation of self-control and meaning in life.

BMC public health·2026

Same author

Co-Doped Nanoporous Fe<sub>3</sub>P Self-Supported Electrodes for Enhanced Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same author

Interrelationships between suicide risk, childhood abuse, depression, hopelessness, and social support in treatment-naïve adolescent depression patients: a network analysis.

BMC psychiatry·2026

Same author

Neutrophils and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026

Same author

How to quickly determine whether patients with chronic cough need corticosteroid treatment--construction of a predictive model for corticosteroid-responsive cough in chronic cough.

NPJ primary care respiratory medicine·2026

Same author

Reperfusion‑targeted AnxA1sp restores mitochondrial resilience through mitoKATP activation to limit diabetic myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion injury.

Journal of translational medicine·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 30, 2025

Reliable Method for Assessing Seed Germination, Dormancy, and Mortality under Field Conditions

Reliable Method for Assessing Seed Germination, Dormancy, and Mortality under Field Conditions

Published on: November 6, 2016

Multiomics strategies for decoding seed dormancy breakdown in Paris polyphylla.

Guowei Zheng¹, Wenchun Li¹, Shunzhen Zhang¹

¹College of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China.

BMC Plant Biology

|May 11, 2023

Summary

Lysophospholipids and specific gibberellins (GAs) are key to breaking seed dormancy in Paris polyphylla. This study reveals how these molecules and their related gene expressions regulate dormancy, aiding cultivation.

Keywords:

Gibberellin A3 Gibberellin A4 Metabolomics Paris polyphylla Seed dormancy Transcriptomics

More Related Videos

A Seed Coat Bedding Assay to Genetically Explore In Vitro How the Endosperm Controls Seed Germination in Arabidopsis thaliana

A Seed Coat Bedding Assay to Genetically Explore In Vitro How the Endosperm Controls Seed Germination in Arabidopsis thaliana

Published on: November 9, 2013

Preparation of Intact Tissue for Microscopic Analysis of the Endosperm Cell Layer in Developing and Mature Arabidopsis Seeds

Preparation of Intact Tissue for Microscopic Analysis of the Endosperm Cell Layer in Developing and Mature Arabidopsis Seeds

Published on: May 16, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 30, 2025

Reliable Method for Assessing Seed Germination, Dormancy, and Mortality under Field Conditions

Reliable Method for Assessing Seed Germination, Dormancy, and Mortality under Field Conditions

Published on: November 6, 2016

A Seed Coat Bedding Assay to Genetically Explore In Vitro How the Endosperm Controls Seed Germination in Arabidopsis thaliana

A Seed Coat Bedding Assay to Genetically Explore In Vitro How the Endosperm Controls Seed Germination in Arabidopsis thaliana

Published on: November 9, 2013

Preparation of Intact Tissue for Microscopic Analysis of the Endosperm Cell Layer in Developing and Mature Arabidopsis Seeds

Preparation of Intact Tissue for Microscopic Analysis of the Endosperm Cell Layer in Developing and Mature Arabidopsis Seeds

Published on: May 16, 2025

Area of Science:

Plant Biology
Molecular Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Seed dormancy is a complex trait influenced by factors like membrane lipids and plant hormones.
Paris polyphylla, a valuable Chinese herb, faces cultivation challenges due to its seed dormancy.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the metabolic and transcriptomic changes during seed dormancy breaking in Paris polyphylla.
To elucidate the roles of lysophospholipids and plant hormones in regulating seed dormancy.

Main Methods:

Global metabolic profiling using widely targeted metabolomics.
Transcriptomic analysis to assess gene expression patterns.
Quantification of key plant hormones like abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAs).

Main Results:

Lysophospholipids (lysoPLs) and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) gene expression increased during dormancy breaking.
Abscisic acid (ABA) levels decreased, while certain gibberellins (GAs), particularly 13-H GAs like GA4, increased.
Gene expression analysis indicated upregulation of UGTs, GA20ox, and GA3ox, suggesting hormone metabolism shifts.

Conclusions:

PLA2-mediated lysoPL production is linked to seed dormancy breaking in Paris polyphylla.
ABA degradation via conversion to ABA-GE, catalyzed by UGTs, contributes to dormancy release.
Shifts in GA synthesis pathways, favoring bioactive 13-H GAs, promote dormancy breaking.