Genotype-Phenotype Models Predicting V̇O 2max Response to High-Intensity Interval Training in Physically Inactive...

Area of Science:

• Exercise Physiology
• Human Genetics
• Personalized Medicine

Background:

• Maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O 2max ) is a key indicator of cardiorespiratory fitness.
• Individual responses to exercise interventions like high-intensity interval training (HIIT) exhibit significant variability.
• Understanding the genetic basis of V̇O 2max response can optimize training protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze interindividual differences in V̇O 2max response following 12 weeks of HIIT.
• To construct genotype-phenotype models for predicting the impact of HIIT on V̇O 2max.
• To identify genetic variants associated with V̇O 2max improvements.

Main Methods:

• A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed on 228 adults undergoing 12 weeks of HIIT.
• Polygenic predictor scores (PPS) were generated using identified genetic variants.
• A predictive model for V̇O 2max response was developed using linear stepwise regression analysis.

Main Results:

• HIIT increased V̇O 2max by approximately 14%, with substantial interindividual variability observed.
• A significant genetic locus near GABRB3 (rs17116985) and nine suggestive SNPs were associated with V̇O 2max response.
• The PPS, baseline V̇O 2max, sex, and body mass collectively explained 56.4% of the variance in V̇O 2max response, with PPS being the major predictor.

Conclusions:

• A polygenic predictor score (PPS) effectively predicts V̇O 2max response to HIIT.
• Genetic variants, particularly those near SAMD5 on chromosome 6, may play a role in V̇O 2max adaptation.
• Personalized exercise prescription based on genetic profiles can enhance training efficacy.