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MCL internal brace does not fully recapitulate normal MCL function in valgus stress.

Marc A Tompkins1,2, Andrew L Freeman3,4, Elliot Hursh4

  • 1TRIA Orthopaedic Center, 8100 Northland Drive, Bloomington, MN, 55431, USA. marc.tompkins@tria.com.

Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy : Official Journal of the ESSKA
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PubMed
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Internal brace constructs for medial collateral ligament (MCL) tears showed varied performance. Construct II maintained tension under valgus load but did not fully restore knee stability, highlighting the need for clinical awareness.

Keywords:
Internal braceMCLValgus stress

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic biomechanics
  • Sports medicine
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • Medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries are common in knee trauma.
  • Internal bracing is a surgical technique to stabilize the MCL.
  • Cadaveric studies are crucial for understanding biomechanical performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of two internal brace constructs in preventing medial gapping under valgus load.
  • To compare the biomechanical performance of internal bracing against an intact MCL.

Main Methods:

  • Eight pairs of cadaver knees were tested.
  • Two internal brace constructs using FiberTape were applied to the MCL.
  • Valgus stress (10 Nm) was applied at 20 degrees flexion.
  • Medial joint space opening was measured under intact, grade 2, and grade 3 MCL tear conditions.

Main Results:

  • Both constructs showed increased medial gapping with MCL tears compared to intact knees.
  • Construct I failed at the femoral attachment and did not maintain tension.
  • Construct II maintained tension but did not restore joint opening to the intact state.

Conclusions:

  • Construct II demonstrated improved performance over Construct I in maintaining tension.
  • Neither construct fully restored knee stability to the intact state under valgus stress.
  • Clinicians should be aware of the limitations of this internal bracing technique.