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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
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What is the Skeletal System?01:02

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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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Updated: Jul 30, 2025

Osteoclast Derivation from Mouse Bone Marrow
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Osteoclast Derivation from Mouse Bone Marrow

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Drug-induced osteopetrosis.

Michael P Whyte1, William H McAlister2, Vandana Dhiman3

  • 1Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center for Metabolic Bone Disease and Molecular Research, Shriners Hospitals for Children-St Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.

Bone
|May 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Osteopetrosis (OPT) is a bone disorder caused by failed osteoclast function. This study shows high-dose zoledronic acid can induce OPT-like skeletal changes in children.

Area of Science:

  • Skeletal biology and genetics
  • Pediatric bone diseases
  • Pharmacology and toxicology

Background:

Keywords:
BisphosphonatesBone modelingBone remodelingBrittle bone diseaseDenosumabEndochondral bone formationErlenmeyer flask deformityFracturesHyperostosisMetabolic bone diseaseOsteoclastOsteogenesis imperfectaOsteopetrosisOsteosclerosisPamidronateZoledronateZoledronic acid

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  • Osteopetrosis (OPT) results from impaired osteoclast function, affecting bone remodeling and growth.
  • Genetic mutations are the primary cause of OPT, leading to skeletal deformities and complications.
  • Previous research indicated that excessive pamidronate administration can mimic OPT features.