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Isolation of Primary Mouse Trophoblast Cells and Trophoblast Invasion Assay

Isolation of Primary Mouse Trophoblast Cells and Trophoblast Invasion Assay

Published on: January 8, 2012

Dissecting Rubella Placental Infection in an In Vitro Trophoblast Model.

Juliane Schulz^1,2, Erik Schilling³, Claire Fabian^4,5

¹Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|May 13, 2023

Summary

Rubella virus (RuV) causes vertical transmission, impacting trophoblasts. RuV infection impairs type I interferon production, leading to cell damage, but syncytia formation restricts viral spread.

Keywords:

ECAR OCR extracellular flux analysis interferon metabolic activity syncytialization

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Area of Science:

Virology
Immunology
Cell Biology

Background:

Vertical transmission of rubella virus (RuV) during early pregnancy is a significant concern.
The mechanisms of RuV vertical transmission and trophoblast response remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate RuV-trophoblast interactions in the BeWo cell line.
To analyze viral kinetics and the innate immune response to RuV infection in trophoblasts.

Main Methods:

BeWo trophoblast cell line used for RuV infection studies.
Analysis of viral infection rates, mRNA/protein levels, metabolic activity, and syncytiotrophoblast formation.
Assessment of type I and type III interferon production and antiviral activity.

Main Results:

RuV infection induced significant type III interferon production but failed to induce type I interferon (IFN-β).
IFN-β and IFN-λ1 inhibited RuV, but RuV infection reduced trophoblast cell number and caused cell detachment.
Syncytia formation in BeWo cells restricted RuV infection.

Conclusions:

BeWo cells are a relevant model for studying RuV-trophoblast interactions.
RuV exhibits cytopathogenicity in trophoblasts by evading a robust type I interferon response.
Impaired interferon response and cell damage contribute to RuV pathogenesis during pregnancy.