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Sarcoidosis-Related Uveitis: A Review
Stéphane Giorgiutti1,2, Robin Jacquot3,4, Thomas El Jammal3,4,5
1Department of Clinical Immunology and Internal Medicine, National Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases (CNR RESO), Strasbourg University Hospital, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|May 13, 2023
Summary
Ocular sarcoidosis, an inflammatory eye condition, can cause vision loss and is diagnosed using clinical and radiological features. Treatment involves corticosteroids, with immunosuppressants or anti-TNF therapies used when needed.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Rheumatology
- Immunology
Background:
- Sarcoidosis frequently affects the eyes (10-55% of cases), potentially causing vision loss.
- Ocular sarcoidosis commonly presents as granulomatous uveitis, affecting various eye structures.
- Tuberculosis is a critical differential diagnosis, particularly in endemic populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the diagnosis and management of ocular sarcoidosis.
- To highlight the importance of updated diagnostic criteria.
- To discuss current and emerging treatment strategies.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical presentations and diagnostic approaches for ocular sarcoidosis.
- Analysis of histological findings, including non-caseating epithelioid granulomas.
- Evaluation of clinico-radiological features for diagnosis when biopsies are difficult.
Main Results:
- Uveitis is the most common ocular manifestation, often bilateral and granulomatous.
- Diagnosis relies on histology or clinico-radiological evidence, with revised international criteria.
- Corticosteroids are first-line, but steroid-sparing agents (methotrexate) and biologics (anti-TNF) are vital for refractory cases.
Conclusions:
- Ocular sarcoidosis requires careful diagnosis, differentiating from conditions like tuberculosis.
- Management strategies are evolving, incorporating steroid-sparing and biologic therapies.
- Updated diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols improve patient outcomes.
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