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Lipoprotein(a) As a Risk Factor in a Cohort of Hospitalised Cardiovascular Patients: A Retrospective Clinical Routine
David Šuran1,2, Tadej Završnik1,2, Peter Kokol2,3
1Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|May 13, 2023
Summary
Elevated Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels significantly increase the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and calcific aortic valve stenosis (AVS). This risk is highest for combined IHD/AVS and shows a notable impact of sex and age, particularly in women.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Biochemistry
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is a recognized risk factor for ischemic heart disease (IHD) and calcific aortic valve stenosis (AVS).
- Understanding the precise association between Lp(a) levels and specific cardiovascular events is crucial for risk stratification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the association between Lp(a) levels and the risk of hospitalisation for IHD, AVS, and concomitant IHD/AVS.
- To investigate the differential impact of sex and age on Lp(a)-associated cardiovascular risk.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational study of Lp(a) levels in 11,767 patients hospitalized for cardiovascular diseases.
- Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the risk of hospitalisation for IHD, AVS, and concomitant IHD/AVS versus other non-ischemic cardiovascular diseases (oCVD).
Main Results:
- The strongest association between Lp(a) and hospitalisation was observed in the IHD/AVS group (eβ = 1.010, p < 0.001).
- Increased Lp(a) levels correlated with higher IHD hospitalisation risk in all women and men ≤75 years.
- AVS hospitalisation risk was elevated only in women ≤75 years.
Conclusions:
- The risk associated with Lp(a) is highest for combined IHD and AVS hospitalisations.
- Sex and age significantly modify the Lp(a)-associated risk, with women ≤75 years showing increased risk for AVS.
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