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Switchable Polyacrylic Acid Polyelectrolyte Brushes for Surface Plasmon Resonance Applications.

Qais M Al-Bataineh1,2, Ahmad D Telfah1,3, Victoria Shpacovitch1

  • 1Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 13, 2023
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Summary

Polyacrylic acid polyelectrolyte brushes (PAA PEBs) enhance surface plasmon resonance (SPR) microscopy for sensitive nano-object detection. This pH-responsive coating significantly boosts signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution in SPR imaging sensors.

Keywords:
imaging wide-field SPR microscopy sensorpolyacrylic acid (PAA)polyelectrolyte brushes (PEBs)

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology and Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry and Polymer Science
  • Optical Sensing and Microscopy

Background:

  • Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) microscopy is a powerful label-free technique for detecting nano-objects.
  • Enhancing the sensitivity and spatial resolution of SPR sensors is crucial for advanced nano-detection applications.
  • Polyelectrolyte brushes offer tunable surface properties responsive to environmental stimuli like pH.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and investigate polyacrylic acid polyelectrolyte brushes (PAA PEBs) for enhanced SPR microscopy.
  • To explore the pH-dependent switching behavior of PAA PEBs and its impact on sensor performance.
  • To evaluate the improvement in sensitivity and spatial resolution of SPR sensors coated with PAA PEBs.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of SPR sensors utilizing gold (Au) layers coated with PAA PEBs.
  • Characterization of PAA PEBs' chemical, morphological, optical, and electrical properties across a pH range (1-9).
  • Experimental measurements and theoretical analysis of SPR sensor performance, including signal-to-noise ratio and image linewidth.

Main Results:

  • PAA PEBs exhibit significant pH-responsive swelling, transitioning from a collapsed state (pH ~1) to an extended state (pH 9) due to COOH/COO- group dissociation.
  • Coating Au layers with PAA PEBs increased the signal-to-noise ratio from 6 to 18, demonstrating enhanced detection sensitivity.
  • The linewidth of recorded SPR images decreased from 6 to 5 pixels, indicating improved spatial resolution.

Conclusions:

  • PAA PEBs effectively enhance the sensitivity of SPR microscopy sensors for nano-object detection.
  • The pH-triggered conformational changes of PAA PEBs are key to modulating SPR sensor performance.
  • PAA PEB-coated SPR sensors offer a promising platform for high-resolution, sensitive nano-imaging.