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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Factors Affecting Visual Acuity and Central Visual Function in Glaucoma Patients With Myopia.

Seong Ah Kim1, Chan Kee Park1, Hae-Young Lopilly Park1

  • 1From the Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.

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Summary

In myopic glaucoma patients, reduced visual acuity is linked to lower deep peripapillary vessel density and optic nerve damage. Blood flow status and damage location significantly impact vision in these patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Glaucoma Research
  • Myopia Studies

Background:

  • Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness.
  • Myopia is a common refractive error that can complicate glaucoma diagnosis and management.
  • Understanding factors affecting visual acuity (VA) in myopic glaucoma patients is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between structural parameters, including myopia-related factors and vessel density (VD), and visual acuity (VA) in glaucoma patients with myopia.
  • To identify key predictors of visual function in this specific patient cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cross-sectional study included 65 eyes of 60 glaucoma patients with myopia.
  • Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) was used to assess superficial and deep vessel density (VD) in peripapillary and macular regions.
  • Measurements included retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thicknesses, and β-zone peripapillary atrophy (PPA) area.

Main Results:

  • Worse visual field (VF) damage was associated with thinner GCIPL thickness and lower deep peripapillary VD.
  • Decreased VA was linked to thinner GCIPL thickness, lower deep peripapillary VD, and longer disc-fovea distance.
  • Deep peripapillary VD positively correlated with GCIPL thickness but not RNFL thickness.

Conclusions:

  • Decreased VA in myopic glaucoma patients is associated with reduced deep peripapillary VD and papillomacular bundle damage.
  • Lower deep peripapillary VD and thinner GCIPL thickness are independent predictors of decreased VA.
  • Visual acuity in glaucoma is influenced by the location of optic nerve damage and the state of optic nerve head blood flow.