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Racial Disparities in Employment Status After Moderate/Severe Traumatic Brain Injuries in Southeast Michigan.

Momodou G Bah1, Alex Y Chen2, Kristina Hart3

  • 1Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, MI.

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
|May 13, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Black patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) experience worse employment outcomes than non-Hispanic White patients two years post-injury. Further research is needed to understand these disparities in TBI employment after injury.

Keywords:
Brain injuries, traumaticEmploymentHealth disparate, minority and vulnerable populationsRacial groupsRehabilitation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Public Health
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) significantly impacts individuals' lives, including their employment status.
  • Racial disparities in healthcare outcomes and recovery after TBI are a growing concern.
  • Understanding employment trends post-TBI is crucial for effective rehabilitation and support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess and compare employment rates of Black and non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients following moderate to severe TBI.
  • To control for pre-TBI employment and education status in the analysis of post-TBI employment outcomes.
  • To identify potential racial disparities in long-term employment after TBI.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 269 patients with moderate/severe TBI treated in Southeast Michigan from 2010-2019.
  • Comparison of employment status (competitive vs. noncompetitive) at 2-year follow-up between Black and NHW patient groups.
  • Statistical control for pre-TBI employment and education status to isolate TBI effects.

Main Results:

  • NHW patients exhibited more severe initial TBI compared to Black patients.
  • Controlling for pre-TBI employment, NHW participants with prior competitive employment had higher rates of competitive employment at 2-year follow-up (P=.03).
  • No significant difference in employment rates was found between racial groups when controlling for pre-TBI education status.

Conclusions:

  • Black patients who were students or competitively employed before TBI experienced worse employment outcomes 2 years post-TBI compared to NHW counterparts.
  • Racial disparities in employment outcomes persist after TBI, warranting further investigation.
  • Social determinants of health may play a significant role in these observed racial differences post-TBI.