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Updated: Jul 30, 2025

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
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Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

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Preterm congenital heart disease and neurodevelopment: the importance of looking beyond the initial hospitalization

Jenna A Katz1,2, Philip T Levy3,4, Samantha C Butler5,6

  • 1Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. Jenna.katz@childrens.harvard.edu.

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association
|May 13, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Infants born with congenital heart disease (CHD) and prematurity face significant risks. This review highlights their complex medical needs and explores neurodevelopmental outcomes beyond survival.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Developmental Neuroscience

Background:

  • Congenital heart disease (CHD) and prematurity are leading causes of infant mortality.
  • Preterm infants with CHD face
  • double jeopardy
  • due to heart defects and organ immaturity.
  • These infants experience unique complications during extrauterine development and recovery from cardiac interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prevalence of preterm birth in infants with CHD.
  • To highlight the medical complexity and challenges faced by these neonates.
  • To emphasize the need to investigate neurodevelopmental and functional outcomes beyond survival.

Main Methods:

  • This paper is a perspective review.
  • It synthesizes current knowledge on the topic.
  • It focuses on overlaps in neurodevelopmental impairment mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Morbidity and mortality for neonates with CHD have decreased.
  • Preterm neonates with CHD continue to have higher risks for adverse outcomes.
  • Less is understood about their neurodevelopmental and functional trajectories.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the shared mechanisms of neurodevelopmental impairment in preterm infants with CHD is crucial.
  • Further research is needed to improve long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.
  • A focus beyond survival is essential for comprehensive care.

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