Active exoskeleton reduces erector spinae muscle activity during lifting

Area of Science:

• Biomechanics
• Ergonomics
• Rehabilitation Engineering

Background:

• Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), particularly in the lumbar region, are prevalent in physically demanding jobs.
• Exoskeletons offer a potential solution to reduce strain on the musculoskeletal system by assisting with load-bearing tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the impact of an active exoskeleton on lower back muscle activity during weightlifting.
• To assess the effect of varying exoskeleton support levels on muscle activation and perceived exertion.

Main Methods:

• 14 subjects performed 15 kg box lifts with and without an active exoskeleton.
• Surface electromyography measured M. erector spinae (MES) activity.
• Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) was recorded for each condition.

Main Results:

• Significant reduction in MES activity observed with the exoskeleton, especially at maximum support.
• A positive correlation between exoskeleton support level and MES activity reduction was found.
• Maximum exoskeleton support also led to significantly lower RPE compared to unassisted lifting.

Conclusions:

• Active exoskeletons provide noticeable support during heavy lifting tasks.
• Reduced muscle activity suggests decreased lumbar region load.
• Exoskeletons are a promising tool for mitigating MSD risk in occupational settings.