Physical Therapy for Adults with Heart Failure

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Pulmonology
• Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

• Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome with significant patient and societal burdens.
• HF symptoms like dyspnea and fatigue reduce quality of life.
• COVID-19 increases vulnerability to cardiac issues, including HF.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review updated HF diagnosis, classifications, and interventional guidelines.
• To discuss the relationship between COVID-19 and heart failure.
• To summarize current physical therapy evidence for HF patients in various stages and with support devices.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of updated guidelines and recent evidence.
• Synthesis of information on HF diagnosis and classification.
• Analysis of physical therapy interventions for HF.

Main Results:

• Updated diagnostic criteria and classifications for HF are presented.
• The association between COVID-19 and HF development/exacerbation is explored.
• Evidence for physical therapy in stable and decompensated HF, including with circulatory support, is reviewed.

Conclusions:

• Comprehensive understanding of HF management is crucial.
• The impact of COVID-19 on HF necessitates updated clinical approaches.
• Physical therapy plays a vital role in HF rehabilitation across different patient populations.