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Updated: Jul 30, 2025
Author Spotlight: Recent Advancements in Reoperative Foregut Surgery
Published on: September 22, 2023
The prevalence and risk factors for hiatal hernia among patients undergoing endoscopy: A retrospective analysis
Majid A Alsahafi1, Najla A Alajhar1, Amjad O Almahyawi1
1From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine (Alsahafi, Alajhar, Almahyawi, Alsulami, Alghamdi, Alharbi, Alsulami, Aljehanil, Mosli), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah; and from the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine (Alkhowaiter), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Objectives:
To determine the prevalence of hiatal hernia (HH) and its association with age, gender, and body mass index (BMI).
Methods:
We retrospectively included patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) at an academic tertiary care hospital. Data were collected on the presence of HH as well as patient demographics including age, gender, and BMI. Univariate and multivariate analysis were done to determine risk factors for HH.
Results:
A total of 2805 patients were included in this study. The mean age was 48.6 (±18.6) years and males constituted 28.8% of the study population. The mean BMI was 29.7 (±8.6) kg/m². The prevalence of HH was 29.8% among all patients and 48.6% among those who underwent EGD for gastroesophageal reflux disease-related indications. There was no significant association between HH and female gender (OR 1.04, 95%CI: 0.88 -1.26, p=0.53), older age (OR 0.77, 95%CI: 0.72 - 1.06, p=0.19) or BMI (OR 1.07, 95%CI: 0.9 - 1.2, p=0.39).
Conclusion:
The prevalence of HH was 28.9% based on this large endoscopy-based population. We found no association between HH and gender, age, or BMI.
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