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Bone-on-a-Chip: Biomimetic Models Based on Microfluidic Technologies for Biomedical Applications.

Min Kyeong Kim1, Kyurim Paek1,2, Sang-Mi Woo1

  • 1Center for Scientific Instrumentation, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|May 15, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Bone-on-a-chip (BOC) systems are emerging in vitro models for studying bone diseases and drug responses. This review explores recent BOC advancements and biomimetic strategies for improved preclinical evaluation.

Keywords:
bone-on-a-chipin vitro modelmicrofluidicsorgan-on-a-chiptissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Preclinical drug evaluation necessitates advanced in vitro models.
  • Organ-on-a-chip (OOC) systems are emerging, but bone-on-a-chip (BOC) models are less developed.
  • The bone's dynamic remodeling and the aging population highlight the need for better bone disease models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recently engineered BOC systems.
  • To investigate BOCs for modeling the bone microenvironment.
  • To explore biomimetic strategies for BOC development and application.

Main Methods:

  • Review of microfluidic technologies used in BOC development.
  • Analysis of biomimetic strategies (biological, geometrical, biomechanical cues).
  • Investigation of BOC applications in modeling bone niches and diseases.

Main Results:

  • Various engineered BOC systems have been developed using microfluidic technologies.
  • Biomimetic strategies are being explored to enhance BOC fidelity.
  • BOCs show potential for studying orthopedic diseases and predicting drug responses.

Conclusions:

  • Biomimetic BOCs are crucial for advancing preclinical orthopedic research.
  • Further development is needed to overcome current limitations for wider industry adoption.
  • Efficient and high-fidelity BOCs will accelerate drug discovery and personalized medicine.