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Frequency and type of domestic injuries among children during COVID-19 lockdown: what changes from the past? An

Daiana Bezzini1, Marcello Lanari2, Alessandro Amaddeo3

  • 1Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy. daiana.bezzini@unisi.it.

European Journal of Pediatrics
|May 15, 2023
PubMed

Insights

The COVID-19 lockdown significantly increased children's domestic accidents (DAs) and emergency department visits threefold. Factors like poisoning, male gender, and older age were associated with higher hospitalization risks.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Domestic accidents (DAs) are a leading cause of childhood injury, with over half occurring at home.
  • In Italy, DAs rank as the second primary cause of pediatric mortality.
  • The initial SARS-CoV-2 lockdown in 2020 saw a general decrease in emergency department (ED) visits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 lockdown on ED visits for pediatric domestic accidents (DAs).
  • To identify risk factors associated with hospitalization for DAs in children during the lockdown period.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter, observational, retrospective cohort study was conducted across 16 Italian EDs.
  • Data included children aged 3-13 years visiting EDs for DAs between March-June 2019 and March-June 2020.
  • Logistic regression models were used to identify risk factors for hospitalization.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of DAs increased from 5.6% in 2019 to 17.9% in 2020, a threefold rise (IRR: 3.16).
  • Hospitalization risk was higher during the 2020 lockdown (OR: 1.9), for males (OR: 1.4), and increased with age.
  • Poisoning incidents showed a fourfold higher hospitalization risk, while stab wounds had a twofold lower risk.

Conclusions:

  • The COVID-19 lockdown substantially increased the frequency of pediatric domestic accidents and subsequent hospitalizations.
  • Specific accident types (poisoning) and patient demographics (males, older children) were linked to increased hospitalization.
  • Public health campaigns targeting caregivers are recommended to mitigate risks associated with home-based accidents.

Keywords:
AccidentHomeHospitalizationIncidence

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