Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 30, 2025
Biomechanical Changes Related to Low Back Pain: An Innovative Tool for Movement Pattern Assessment and Treatment Evaluation in Rehabilitation
Published on: December 13, 2024
Exploration of the Golf-Specific Low Back Pain Questionnaire
Andrew Skibski1, John Goetschius2, L Colby Mangum1
1School of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, REhabilitation, Athletic Assessment, and DYnamic Imaging (READY) Laboratory, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida; and.
Objective:
The primary purpose of this study was to determine internal consistency and concurrent validity of the Golf-specific Low Back Pain questionnaire (GLBP).
Design:
Cross-sectional study.
Setting:
Online questionnaire.
Participants:
Fifty-two adult golfers with a history of LBP.
Interventions:
GLBP, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI).
Main Outcome Measures:
Cronbach alpha values for the GLBP and its 3 subscales. Pearson correlations between the ODI, GLBP, and the GLBP subscales.
Results:
Cronbach alpha for the GLBP was 0.94. Cronbach alpha for the 3 GLBP subscales ranged from 0.85 to 0.91. All Pearson correlations were significant at P < 0.05. The correlation between the ODI and GLBP was -0.64, and correlations between the ODI and GLBP subscales ranged from -0.53 to -0.63. Mean GLBP score was 72.01% ± 16.15%, and mean ODI score was 12.00% ± 7.98%.
Conclusions:
The GLBP has excellent concurrent validity to quantify LBP in golfers. The GLBP total and each individual subscale have excellent internal consistency and a moderate inverse relationship with the ODI. The GLBP offers a more sport-specific patient-reported outcome measure for this population. The GLBP may more adequately quantify LBP-related disability, especially at lower levels of disability. Findings provide initial evidence that the GLBP may be a valid tool to quantify LBP symptoms and dysfunction in golfers.
Clinical Relevance:
Clinicians should consider using sport-specific outcome measures when evaluating for LBP-related disability.
