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Morphological and Ultrastructural Collagen Defects: Impact and Implications in Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
Lubabah S A Gadi1,2, David Y S Chau3, Susan Parekh1
1Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Bloomsbury Campus, Rockefeller Building, 21 University Street, London WC1E 6DE, UK.
Dentistry Journal
|May 15, 2023
Summary
Dentogenesis imperfecta (DI), a dental issue linked to Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI), shows significant changes in dentinal collagen. This review found altered collagen fiber structure, quantity, and organization, impacting tooth integrity and treatment approaches.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Genetics
- Oral Biology
Background:
- Collagen is crucial for the extracellular matrix in bone and teeth.
- Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heritable disorder causing bone fragility due to defective collagen.
- Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) is the dental manifestation of OI, affecting dentin structure and appearance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and define ultrastructural changes in dentinal collagen in DI.
- To consolidate findings on collagen alterations in DI teeth from existing literature.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of established databases (Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, PubMed).
- Inclusion of English-language studies published after 1990 examining human DI dental collagen.
- Data extraction using a modified Cochrane form from seventeen selected studies (1993-2021).
Main Results:
- Increased coarse collagen fibers and decreased fiber quantity were prevalent in DI teeth.
- Observed changes in fiber orientation (random to parallel) and organization (regular to irregular).
- Ultrastructural defects included uncoiled fibers and increased D-banding periodicity, alongside altered surface topography.
Conclusions:
- DI involves significant alterations in dentinal collagen quantity, organization, and ultrastructure.
- These collagen defects impact dentin integrity and clinical presentation.
- Understanding these changes is vital for developing innovative dental treatments for DI.
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