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Related Concept Videos

Pneumonia IV: Management01:28

Pneumonia IV: Management

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The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
404
Acute Respiratory Failure-V01:29

Acute Respiratory Failure-V

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The treatment for acute respiratory failure varies based on factors like the underlying cause, overall health, and severity. A collaborative healthcare team is essential for early detection, often through arterial blood gas analysis. Identifying the cause is the primary goal, with treatment strategies adjusted for ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, shunting, or diffusion impairment.
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
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Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure01:16

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure

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Oxygen therapy has emerged as a significant tool in enhancing the quality of life for patients suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). While this therapy has principally been studied on patients with significant hypoxemia, this therapeutic approach helps prevent potential organ damage and can be administered in the comfort of one's home.
Oxygen therapy is vital in increasing and maintaining blood oxygen levels in PAH patients. As a result, it aids in reducing fatigue,...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

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Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
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COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids01:26

COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 30, 2025

Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device
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Host-Based Treatments for Severe COVID-19.

Lucrezia Mondini1, Francesco Salton1, Liliana Trotta1

  • 1Pulmonology Unit, Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University Hospital of Cattinara, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology
|May 15, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This review examines therapeutic strategies for severe COVID-19, focusing on modulating the host inflammatory response. Personalized treatment is advancing, but more biomarkers are needed for individual patient guidance.

Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2cytokine stormimmune-systemimmunomodulation

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents a wide spectrum of illness, from asymptomatic cases to severe pneumonia requiring intensive care.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has led to evolving therapeutic interventions.
  • Host inflammatory response plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of severe and critical COVID-19.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current therapeutic options for severe and critical COVID-19.
  • To analyze strategies that modulate the host inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • To highlight the need for personalized treatment approaches and further biomarker discovery.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.
  • Analysis of treatments targeting the host inflammatory response in severe and critical illness.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and treatment.

Main Results:

  • Various therapeutic alternatives have been developed based on disease severity and molecular mechanisms.
  • Modulating the host inflammatory response is a key strategy in managing severe COVID-19.
  • Current guidelines emphasize personalized treatment based on clinical presentation and laboratory parameters.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of severe COVID-19 involves a combination of supportive care and immunomodulatory therapies.
  • Personalized treatment approaches are becoming standard, but require further refinement.
  • Identification of novel biomarkers is crucial for anticipating disease trajectory and guiding individualized interventions.