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Related Concept Videos

PPE Use in Healthcare Settings II: Doffing01:10

PPE Use in Healthcare Settings II: Doffing

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The sequence of removing or doffing PPE starts with the gloves, as they are the most contaminated. Next is removal of the face shield or goggles, as they would interfere with removing other PPE. Then remove the gown, followed by the mask or respirator. Perform hand hygiene between steps if hands become contaminated and immediately after removing all PPE. Generally, the outside front and sleeves of the isolation gown, the goggles or the mask, the respirator, and the face shield are contaminated.
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Personal Protective Equipment01:20

Personal Protective Equipment

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Personal protective equipment (PPE) is unique clothing or equipment worn by an employee to minimize or prevent exposure to infectious agents. PPE creates a barrier between the employee and the infectious materials. PPE must be readily available in the patient care area. PPE includes gloves, gowns and aprons, masks and respirators, goggles, face shields, shoes, and headcovers:
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PPE Use in Healthcare Settings I: Donning01:22

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Donning PPE must be completed before contact with the patient. This process protects from infectious agents. The sequence and action included in each donning are critical, and the steps must be systematic to avoid exposure to pathogens. The institutional policy also needs to be followed while donning PPE. The pre-donning preparations are gathering equipment, inspecting the PPE equipment for tears, holes, or damage, removing jewelry, removing any garments below the elbows, and tying the hair...
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Standard precautions are the minimum infection control safeguards used while caring for all patients, irrespective of their disease condition. They help prevent the spread of common infectious microorganisms to healthcare workers, patients, and visitors in all healthcare settings.
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Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
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Crossover experiments, also called the repeated-measurements design, is a study design in which all experimental units are exposed to all treatments in different periods. Crossover experiments are generally used in psychology, the pharmaceutical industry, agriculture, and medicine.
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Removal of Contaminated Personal Protective Equipment With and Without Supervision. A Randomized Crossover

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Simulation in Healthcare : Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare
|May 15, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Supervised doffing of personal protective equipment (PPE) significantly reduces contamination rates for healthcare workers but increases removal time. This method enhances safety against pathogens.

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Area of Science:

  • Healthcare infection control
  • Occupational safety in medicine
  • Pathogen transmission prevention

Background:

  • Personal protective equipment (PPE) is crucial for healthcare personnel safety.
  • Supervised doffing of PPE may reduce pathogen contamination.
  • This study investigates the effectiveness of verbal instructions during PPE removal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine contamination rates with and without supervised doffing of PPE.
  • To compare the number and location of contaminated body sites.
  • To measure PPE removal times in both supervised and unsupervised scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized simulation study with 49 healthcare staff.
  • Participants used a crossover design for supervised and unsupervised PPE doffing.
  • Contamination was simulated using Glo Germ and detected via UV light.

Main Results:

  • Supervised doffing significantly reduced contamination rates (8% vs. 47%).
  • Neck and hands were the most frequently contaminated sites.
  • Supervised doffing increased PPE removal time (184 vs. 68 seconds).

Conclusions:

  • Step-by-step verbal instructions during PPE doffing reduce contamination.
  • Supervised doffing is a valuable strategy for protecting healthcare workers.
  • Findings have implications for clinical practice, especially with high-consequence pathogens.