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Updated: Jul 30, 2025
Polarization and Characterization of M1 and M2 Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages on Implant Surfaces
Published on: December 6, 2024
A Meaningful Attempt: Applying Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma to Induce Polarization of Macrophages
Haoran Yu1, Wendan Cheng1, Chengbiao Ding2,3
1Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Abstract:
Macrophage polarization plays an important role in many macrophage-related diseases. This study was designed to preliminarily explore the effects of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma on the polarization direction and cell activity of macrophages with different phenotypes (ie, M0, M1, and M2). The M1 macrophage marker inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and M2 macrophage marker cluster of differentiation 206 (CD206) were detected by western blot (WB). The effects of DBD plasma on macrophage viability were analyzed by using a cell counting kit-8 detection kit. M0, M1, and M2 macrophages exhibited a decrease in iNOS expression and an increase in CD206 expression after the DBD plasma intervention. Additionally, the decrease in macrophage viability remained non-significant after initiating the intervention. DBD plasma can promote the transformation of M0 and M1 macrophages to M2 macrophages, and can further enhance the expression of the M2 macrophage phenotype marker CD206. Our study not only demonstrates the potential therapeutic value of DBD plasma for macrophage-related diseases, but it also provides a new direction for research to improve the treatment of macrophage-related diseases. © 2023 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
Insights
Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma treatment shifts macrophage polarization towards the M2 phenotype, indicated by increased CD206 expression. This DBD plasma application shows therapeutic potential for macrophage-related diseases without significant impact on cell viability.
Area of Science:
- Biophysics
- Cell Biology
- Immunology
Background:
- Macrophage polarization is critical in numerous diseases.
- Understanding macrophage phenotype modulation is key for therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma on macrophage polarization (M0, M1, M2).
- To assess DBD plasma's effect on macrophage cell activity and viability.
Main Methods:
- Macrophages (M0, M1, M2) were treated with DBD plasma.
- Western blot (WB) was used to detect M1 (iNOS) and M2 (CD206) markers.
- Cell Counting Kit-8 assay assessed macrophage viability.
Main Results:
- DBD plasma treatment decreased iNOS expression and increased CD206 expression in M0, M1, and M2 macrophages.
- Macrophage viability was not significantly affected by DBD plasma intervention.
- DBD plasma promoted M0 and M1 to M2 macrophage transformation, enhancing CD206 expression.
Conclusions:
- DBD plasma effectively induces M2 macrophage polarization.
- This suggests potential therapeutic applications of DBD plasma in macrophage-related diseases.
- Further research into DBD plasma for treating macrophage-related conditions is warranted.
