Dual-Stimuli-Responsive and Anti-Freezing Conductive Ionic Hydrogels for Smart Wearable Devices and Optical Display...

Stimuli-responsive hydrogels are a class of important materials for the preparation of flexible sensors, but the development of UV/stress dual-responsive ion-conductive hydrogels with excellent tunability for wearable devices remains a major challenge. In this study, a dual-responsive multifunctional ion-conductive hydrogel (PVA-GEL-GL-Mo₇) with high tensile strength, good stretchability, outstanding flexibility, and stability is successfully fabricated. The prepared hydrogel has an excellent tensile strength of 2.2 MPa, high tenacity of 5.26 MJ/m³, favorable extensibility (522%), and high transparency of 90%. Importantly, the hydrogels have dual responsiveness to UV light and stress, allowing it to be used as a wearable device while responding differently to the UV intensity of different outdoor environments (hydrogels can show different levels of color when exposed to different light intensities of UV light) and can remain flexible at -50 and 85 °C (sensing at both -25 and 85 °C). Therefore, the hydrogels developed in this study have good prospects in different applications, such as flexible wearable devices, duplicate paper, and dual-responsive interactive devices.