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Risk Factors for Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Multi-Center Study
Xiangdong Wang1, Dongpo Zhu2, Leilei Peng1
1Department of Blood Purification, Baoding People's Hospital, Baoding, 071030, People's Republic of China.
Insights
High body mass index (BMI), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and 24-hour urine protein are key risk factors for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) patients. These findings aid in identifying individuals at higher risk for LVH.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Nephrology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an early echocardiographic finding.
- Risk factors for LVH are well-documented, but less so for patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD).
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the risk factors for LVH in patients with DKD.
- To analyze laboratory data and clinical traits associated with LVH in DKD.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 500 DKD patients (240 with LVH, 260 without) from February 2016 to June 2020.
- Collection and analysis of clinical parameters and laboratory tests.
- Multivariable logistic regression and ROC analysis to identify significant risk factors.
Main Results:
- Patients with LVH had higher levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), body mass index (BMI), intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), systolic blood pressure, and 24-hour urine protein compared to controls.
- High BMI (OR=1.332), LDL (OR=1.279), and 24-hour urine protein (OR=1.446) were confirmed as independent risk factors for LVH in DKD patients.
- Optimal cutoff values for BMI, LDL, and 24-hour urine protein for LVH diagnosis in DKD were determined.
Conclusions:
- Increased BMI, LDL, and 24-hour urine protein are independent risk factors for LVH in DKD patients.
- These factors can aid in the early identification and management of LVH in this population.
Objective:
One of the earliest echocardiographic features of the left ventricle explored extensively was left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Numerous studies have identified a few risk factors for LVH, however, there are few for people with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Therefore, we evaluated the risk factors in DKD patients with LVH by analyzing laboratory data and clinical traits.
Methods:
In total, 500 DKD patients in the Baoding area from February 2016 and June 2020 were admitted and classified as an experimental group (240 cases, LVH group) and a control group (260 cases, non-LVH group). The clinical parameters and laboratory tests of the participants were collected and analyzed retrospectively.
Results:
Compared with the control group, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), body mass index (BMI), intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), systolic blood pressure, and 24-hour urine protein were higher in the experimental group (all P<0.01). Multivariable logistic regression analysis results confirmed that high BMI (OR=1.332, 95% CI 1.016-1.537, P=0.006), LDL (OR=1.279, 95% CI 1.008-1.369, P=0.014) and 24-hour urine proteins (OR=1.446, 95% CI 1.104-1.643, P=0.016) were statistically significant. The ROC analysis illustrated that the optimum cutoff value of BMI, LDL, and 24-hour urine proteins for diagnosis of LVH in patients with DKD was 27.36 kg/m2, 4.18 mmol/L, and 1.42 g respectively.
Conclusion:
The increase in BMI, LDL, and 24-hour urine proteins quantification are independent risk factors for LVH in patients with DKD.
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