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Incidence, Etiology, and Risk Factors Associated with Foot Drop.

Rahul K Nath1, Chandra Somasundaram1

  • 1Texas Nerve and Paralysis Institute, Houston, TX.

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|May 15, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Foot drop is often caused by nerve damage, with lumbosacral spine surgery and hip replacement being leading causes in older adults. Younger males are more prone to foot drop from trauma and drug use.

Keywords:
Failed Lumbosacral Spine SurgeryFoot DropHip Replacement SurgeryKnee Replacement SurgeryPeroneal Neuropathy

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Foot drop results from injury to the neurological pathway controlling ankle dorsiflexion, including nerves like the sciatic, tibial, and peroneal.
  • Nerve damage leading to foot drop can stem from compression, entrapment, traction, or direct trauma.
  • Limited data exists on the incidence, etiology, and associated factors of foot drop.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence, causes, and risk factors of foot drop.
  • To analyze clinical data from a cohort of patients experiencing foot drop.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of clinical data from 1022 patients diagnosed with foot drop between 2004 and the present.
  • Descriptive statistical analysis and graphing using Microsoft Excel.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-one distinct causes of foot drop were identified.
  • Lumbosacral (LS) spine surgery (13.9%) and LS spine complications (12.8%) were significant causes, predominantly affecting older males.
  • Hip replacement surgery was associated with foot drop in 7.8% of patients, with older females being at higher risk.

Conclusions:

  • Failed back surgery syndrome is a primary cause of foot drop post-LS spine and hip surgeries, particularly in older patients.
  • Older females are disproportionately affected by foot drop after hip replacement.
  • Younger males frequently experience foot drop due to trauma, including accidents, violence, and substance abuse.