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Genome-Environment Interactions and Psychiatric Disorders
1Department of Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacology, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632 002, India.
Biomedicines
|May 16, 2023
Summary
Environmental factors impact the genome through epigenetic changes, influencing psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia and depression. These factors also offer therapeutic targets for treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Genetics
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Environmental factors interact with the genome via epigenetic mechanisms.
- These interactions contribute to the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review how environmental factors epigenetically influence psychiatric disorders.
- To explore epigenetic therapeutic strategies for psychiatric conditions.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of articles from PubMed and Google Scholar.
- Searched for gene, genome, environment, psychiatric disorder, epigenetic, and interaction.
- Included articles published between January 2000 and December 2022.
Main Results:
- Environmental factors like social determinants, stress, poverty, migration, urban living, birth complications, substance abuse, microbiota, and infections epigenetically affect psychiatric disorder pathogenesis.
- Therapeutic interventions including drugs, psychotherapy, electroconvulsive therapy, and exercise also act epigenetically.
Conclusions:
- Epigenetic modifications link environmental factors to psychiatric disorders.
- Understanding these epigenetic mechanisms is crucial for developing effective treatments.
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