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Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I in Mexico: Case-Based Review
Consuelo Cantú-Reyna1,2,3, Diana Laura Vazquez-Cantu2, Héctor Cruz-Camino1,2
1Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64710, Mexico.
Introduction:
Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is a lysosomal storage disease present in 1:100,000 newborns. Variants in the IDUA (alpha-L-iduronidase) gene decrease the enzyme activity for glycosaminoglycans metabolism. MPS I patients exhibit clinical manifestations that fall on the Hurler, Hurler-Scheie, and Scheie syndrome spectrum.
Case Presentation:
We present a male Mexican patient with respiratory exacerbations requiring recurrent hospitalizations. He showed macrocephaly, coarse facies, hepatomegaly, umbilical hernia, and dorsal kyphosis. The sequencing of the IDUA gene revealed the following genotype: c.46_57del12/c.1205G>A. He received combined therapy with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and enzyme replacement. Mexican case reports were analyzed to estimate the prevalence of the associated genetic variants.
Conclusion:
Despite the challenges of managing this rare disease in Mexico, our patient benefited from the combined therapy. The discrete clinical manifestations and prompt evaluation by a geneticist were crucial in establishing a diagnosis, enabling an early intervention by a multidisciplinary team. The combination of ERT before and after HSCT provided health benefits to our patient.
Insights
This case study highlights a Mexican patient with Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I), a rare genetic disorder. Combined therapy of enzyme replacement and stem cell transplantation proved beneficial for managing this condition.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Biochemistry
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is a rare lysosomal storage disease affecting glycosaminoglycans metabolism.
- Caused by variants in the IDUA gene, MPS I presents a spectrum of clinical severity.
- Affects approximately 1 in 100,000 newborns.
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