Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics01:20

Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

2.9K
The second law of thermodynamics can be stated quantitatively using the concept of entropy. Entropy is the measure of disorder of the system.
The relation  between entropy and disorder can be illustrated with the example of the phase change of ice to water. In ice, the molecules are located at specific sites giving a solid state, whereas, in a liquid form, these molecules are much freer to move. The molecular arrangement has therefore become more randomized. Although the change in average...
2.9K
Third Law of Thermodynamics02:38

Third Law of Thermodynamics

19.1K
A pure, perfectly crystalline solid possessing no kinetic energy (that is, at a temperature of absolute zero, 0 K) may be described by a single microstate, as its purity, perfect crystallinity,and complete lack of motion means there is but one possible location for each identical atom or molecule comprising the crystal (W = 1). According to the Boltzmann equation, the entropy of this system is zero.
19.1K
The Second Law of Thermodynamics01:14

The Second Law of Thermodynamics

5.4K
In the quest to identify a property that may reliably predict the spontaneity of a process, a promising candidate has been identified: entropy. Scientists refer to the measure of randomness or disorder within a system as entropy. High entropy means high disorder and low energy. To better understand entropy, think of a student’s bedroom. If no energy or work were put into it, the room would quickly become messy. It would exist in a very disordered state, one of high entropy. Energy must be...
5.4K
Entropy within the Cell01:22

Entropy within the Cell

10.8K
A living cell's primary tasks of obtaining, transforming, and using energy to do work may seem simple. However, the second law of thermodynamics explains why these tasks are harder than they appear. None of the energy transfers in the universe are completely efficient. In every energy transfer, some amount of energy is lost in a form that is unusable. In most cases, this form is heat energy. Thermodynamically, heat energy is defined as the energy transferred from one system to another that...
10.8K
Entropy Change in Reversible Processes01:10

Entropy Change in Reversible Processes

2.6K
In the Carnot engine, which achieves the maximum efficiency between two reservoirs of fixed temperatures, the total change in entropy is zero. The observation can be generalized by considering any reversible cyclic process consisting of many Carnot cycles. Thus, it can be stated that the total entropy change of any ideal reversible cycle is zero.
The statement can be further generalized to prove that entropy is a state function. Take a cyclic process between any two points on a p-V diagram.
2.6K
Entropy and Solvation02:05

Entropy and Solvation

7.1K
The process of surrounding a solute with solvent is called solvation. It involves evenly distributing the solute within the solvent. The rule of thumb for determining a solvent for a given compound is that like dissolves like. A good solvent has molecular characteristics similar to those of the compound to be dissolved. For example, polar solutions dissolve polar solutes, and apolar solvents dissolve apolar solutes. A polar solvent is a solvent that has a high dielectric constant (ϵ...
7.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Superstatistics approach to turbulent circulation fluctuations.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

On the mathematical divergences emerging in the theory of critical phenomena within Boltzmann-Gibbs statistical mechanics.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)·2025
Same author

Reminiscences of Half a Century of Life in the World of Theoretical Physics.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

de Broglie-Bohm analysis of a nonlinear membrane: From quantum to classical chaos.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)·2024
Same author

First-Principle Validation of Fourier's Law: One-Dimensional Classical Inertial Heisenberg Model.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Fractal Derivatives, Fractional Derivatives and <i>q</i>-Deformed Calculus.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 30, 2025

Applications of EEG Neuroimaging Data: Event-related Potentials, Spectral Power, and Multiscale Entropy
11:15

Applications of EEG Neuroimaging Data: Event-related Potentials, Spectral Power, and Multiscale Entropy

Published on: June 27, 2013

33.8K

Medical Applications of Nonadditive Entropies.

Constantino Tsallis1,2,3, Roman Pasechnik4

  • 1Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas and National Institute of Science and Technology of Complex Systems, Rua Xavier Sigaud 150, Rio de Janeiro 22290-180, RJ, Brazil.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Generalized statistical mechanics using nonextensive entropy (Sq) offers diverse medical applications. This review highlights its use in image processing, radiation response, and disease modeling, including COVID-19.

Keywords:
image and signal processingmedical applicationsnonadditive entropiesnonextensive statistical mechanics

More Related Videos

Unraveling Entropic Rate Acceleration Induced by Solvent Dynamics in Membrane Enzymes
09:42

Unraveling Entropic Rate Acceleration Induced by Solvent Dynamics in Membrane Enzymes

Published on: January 16, 2016

9.1K
Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides
09:41

Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides

Published on: May 29, 2018

9.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 30, 2025

Applications of EEG Neuroimaging Data: Event-related Potentials, Spectral Power, and Multiscale Entropy
11:15

Applications of EEG Neuroimaging Data: Event-related Potentials, Spectral Power, and Multiscale Entropy

Published on: June 27, 2013

33.8K
Unraveling Entropic Rate Acceleration Induced by Solvent Dynamics in Membrane Enzymes
09:42

Unraveling Entropic Rate Acceleration Induced by Solvent Dynamics in Membrane Enzymes

Published on: January 16, 2016

9.1K
Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides
09:41

Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides

Published on: May 29, 2018

9.6K

Area of Science:

  • Statistical mechanics
  • Thermodynamics
  • Complex systems

Background:

  • The standard Boltzmann-Gibbs (SBG) entropy and statistical mechanics are foundational but limited for complex systems.
  • Generalization to nonextensive entropy (Sq) and statistical mechanics in 1988 provided a broader framework.
  • Nonextensive statistical mechanics has shown significant potential in various scientific domains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the medical applications of nonextensive statistical mechanics.
  • To illustrate the utility of nonextensive entropy (Sq) in diverse biomedical fields.
  • To provide a concise overview of recent advancements and potential future directions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on nonextensive statistical mechanics in medicine.
  • Categorization of applications into image/signal processing, radiation response, and disease modeling.
  • Illustrative examples including COVID-19 pandemic modeling.

Main Results:

  • Nonextensive statistical mechanics has been successfully applied to medical image and signal processing.
  • The framework is effective in analyzing tissue responses to radiation therapy.
  • Modeling of disease kinetics, including infectious diseases like COVID-19, benefits from this approach.

Conclusions:

  • Nonextensive statistical mechanics offers a powerful and versatile tool for medical research.
  • The generalization of statistical mechanics has unlocked novel approaches to complex biomedical problems.
  • Further exploration of nonextensive entropy (Sq) in medicine is warranted for future breakthroughs.