Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Maximum Power Flow and Line Loadability

Maximum Power Flow and Line Loadability

The maximum power flow for lossy transmission lines is derived using ABCD parameters in phasor form. These parameters create a matrix relationship between the sending-end and receiving-end voltages and currents, allowing the determination of the receiving-end current. This relationship facilitates calculating the complex power delivered to the receiving end, from which real and reactive power components are derived.

The Power Flow Problem and Solution

The Power Flow Problem and Solution

Power flow problem analysis is fundamental for determining real and reactive power flows in network components, such as transmission lines, transformers, and loads. The power system's single-line diagram provides data on the bus, transmission line, and transformer. Each bus k in the system is characterized by four key variables: voltage magnitude Vk, phase angle δk, real power Pk, and reactive power Qk. Two of these four variables are inputs, while the...

Control of Power Flow

Control of Power Flow

There are several methods to control power flow in power systems:

Fast Decoupled and DC Powerflow

Fast Decoupled and DC Powerflow

The fast decoupled power flow method addresses contingencies in power system operations, such as generator outages or transmission line failures. This method provides quick power flow solutions, essential for real-time system adjustments. Fast decoupled power flow algorithms simplify the Jacobian matrix by neglecting certain elements, leading to two sets of decoupled equations:

Load-frequency control

Load-frequency control

Load-frequency control (LFC) is vital for maintaining power system stability, ensuring that frequency and power flows remain within acceptable limits during load changes. Turbine-governor control eliminates rotor accelerations and decelerations following load changes. However, a steady-state frequency error persists when the change in the turbine-governor reference setting is zero. In an interconnected power system, each area agrees to export or import a scheduled amount of power through...

Power Factor Correction

Power Factor Correction

The power transmission to a factory involves the transfer of apparent power, a combination of active and reactive power. The power factor measures how effectively electrical power is converted into useful work output. The ratio of the real power (KW) that does the work to the apparent power (KVA) supplied to the circuit.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Environmental Justice and Systems Analysis for Air Quality Planning in the Port of Oakland in California.

Environmental science & technology·2024

Same author

Exploring Regional Reduction Pathways for Human Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) Using a Traffic Assignment Model.

Environmental science & technology·2023

Same author

Environmental and Economic Impacts of Managing Nutrients in Digestate Derived from Sewage Sludge and High-Strength Organic Waste.

Environmental science & technology·2022

Same author

Life-cycle energy impacts for adapting an urban water supply system to droughts.

Water research·2017

Same author

Life-Cycle Cost and Environmental Assessment of Decentralized Nitrogen Recovery Using Ion Exchange from Source-Separated Urine through Spatial Modeling.

Environmental science & technology·2017

Same author

Towards sustainable concrete.

Nature materials·2017

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 30, 2025

Author Spotlight: Optimization of Airflow Velocities in Battery Cooling Systems for Enhanced Thermal Performance and Reduced Energy Consumption

Author Spotlight: Optimization of Airflow Velocities in Battery Cooling Systems for Enhanced Thermal Performance and Reduced Energy Consumption

Published on: November 3, 2023

Exploring Regional Fine Particulate Matter (PM_2.5) Exposure Reduction Pathways Using an Optimal Power Flow Model: The

Ahmad Bin Thaneya¹, Arpad Horvath¹

¹Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.

Environmental Science & Technology

|May 16, 2023

Summary

This study introduces an optimal power flow model considering fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure from power plant emissions. Integrating exposure mitigation into grid planning significantly reduces health damages and costs.

Keywords:

air quality electricity exposure human health power flow

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Simulation and Analysis of the Temperature Rise of Ring Main Unit Equipment

Author Spotlight: Simulation and Analysis of the Temperature Rise of Ring Main Unit Equipment

Published on: July 5, 2024

Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment

Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment

Published on: May 18, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 30, 2025

Author Spotlight: Optimization of Airflow Velocities in Battery Cooling Systems for Enhanced Thermal Performance and Reduced Energy Consumption

Author Spotlight: Optimization of Airflow Velocities in Battery Cooling Systems for Enhanced Thermal Performance and Reduced Energy Consumption

Published on: November 3, 2023

Author Spotlight: Simulation and Analysis of the Temperature Rise of Ring Main Unit Equipment

Author Spotlight: Simulation and Analysis of the Temperature Rise of Ring Main Unit Equipment

Published on: July 5, 2024

Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment

Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment

Published on: May 18, 2021

Area of Science:

Environmental Engineering
Power Systems Engineering
Public Health

Background:

Electricity generation units (EGUs) emit fine particulate matter (PM2.5), contributing to public health issues.
Existing power grid planning models often overlook the health impacts of EGU emissions.
Health-based dispatch models require advancement to incorporate transmission constraints and reactive power flow for comprehensive planning.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an exposure-based optimal power flow (OPF) model that integrates PM2.5 exposure from EGUs.
To assess the potential for exposure mitigation and evaluate intervention strategies within grid planning.
To analyze the trade-offs between system costs, network stability, and health impacts.

Main Methods:

Development of an exposure-based OPF model incorporating transmission and reactive power flow.
Simulation of an Illinois power grid model to demonstrate practical application.
Evaluation of scenarios including cost minimization, exposure damage minimization, emission control technologies, renewable energy integration, and EGU relocation.

Main Results:

Neglecting transmission constraints leads to underestimation of exposure damages and dispatch costs.
Accounting for PM2.5 exposure in OPF reduces damages by 70%, comparable to high renewable integration.
A small fraction of EGUs (25% of demand) contribute significantly (80%) to total exposure.
Relocating high-polluting EGUs to low-exposure zones can avoid 43% of total exposure.

Conclusions:

Exposure-based OPF is crucial for accurate short- and long-term power system planning.
Integrating emission control, renewables, and strategic EGU siting offers substantial health and economic benefits.
Collective adoption of these strategies maximizes overall advantages beyond just exposure reduction.