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Related Concept Videos

Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

13
Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
13
Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

12
Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
12
Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management01:25

Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management

22
Pericarditis, an inflammation of the pericardium, necessitates diligent nursing management to ensure effective patient care and recovery. The initial step in managing pericarditis is a comprehensive patient medical assessment.The patient reports chest pain aggravated by breathing, coughing, and swallowing, which worsens when lying supine. The pain often improves when sitting up and leaning forward. Additional symptoms may include fever, malaise, and, in severe cases, signs of heart failure.
22
Pericarditis III: Medical Management01:17

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

17
The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...
17
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

21
Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
21
Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

12
Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
12

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 30, 2025

Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement from Autologous Pericardium with a Self-Expandable Nitinol Stent in an Adult Sheep Model
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Pericarditis caused by Proteus mirabilis in sheep.

Abolfazl Najd Ghahremani1, Mostafa Abdollahi2, Sara Shokrpoor3

  • 1Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

Veterinary Medicine and Science
|May 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary

A sheep diagnosed with purulent pericarditis, an inflammation of the heart sac, was found to be caused by Proteus mirabilis. This marks the first documented case of this bacterial pericarditis in sheep.

Keywords:
Proteusechocardiographyhistopathologypericarditissheep

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Bacteriology
  • Animal Pathology

Background:

  • Pericarditis, inflammation of the pericardial sac, presents in various forms, including fibrinous, purulent, and constrictive.
  • A 7-month-old Ghezel breed sheep presented with chronic weight loss, tachypnea, tachycardia, and audible heart friction sounds, but no fever.

Observation:

  • The sheep had a history of perforated chest trauma.
  • Clinical examination revealed tachypnea, tachycardia, and a heart friction sound.
  • Echocardiography and bacteriology were performed for diagnosis.

Findings:

  • Purulent pericarditis was diagnosed.
  • Proteus mirabilis was identified as the causative bacterium.
  • Genome sequencing identified a new strain, designated Abhar114.

Implications:

  • This is the first reported case of pericarditis caused by Proteus mirabilis in sheep.
  • Highlights the potential for Proteus mirabilis to cause severe infections in livestock.
  • Emphasizes the importance of considering bacterial causes in traumatic chest injuries in sheep.