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Do children separated from fathers have higher anxiety levels? A comparative analysis
Surabhi1, Arun Kumar Yadav2, Jyoti Prakash3
1Resident, Department of Community Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India.
Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
|May 16, 2023
Summary
Father's deployment minimally impacted children's anxiety, but girls showed higher scores for panic disorder, separation anxiety, and school avoidance. This study highlights gender differences in child anxiety related to parental absence.
Area of Science:
- Child psychology
- Mental health research
- Military family studies
Background:
- Limited research exists in India on the mental health impact of fathers' deployment on children.
- This study addresses the gap by investigating anxiety levels in children of deployed fathers versus those residing with fathers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the difference in anxiety levels between children whose fathers are deployed and those living with their fathers.
- To identify specific anxiety domains affected by paternal deployment in children aged 10-17 years.
- To compare anxiety scores between genders in relation to fathers' deployment status.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with 200 children (aged 10-17) at an army school.
- Participants were divided into two groups: fathers deployed (n=99) and fathers residing with children (n=105).
- Data collected using the Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Disorders (SCARED) questionnaire, administered by interviewers and self-completed.
Main Results:
- Children with deployed fathers had minimally elevated anxiety and panic disorder scores above cut-off levels.
- While not statistically significant, scores were higher in children with deployed fathers compared to those with fathers present.
- Girls with deployed fathers scored higher in panic, separation anxiety, and school avoidance; boys only in panic disorder. Girls consistently scored higher than boys across all domains.
Conclusions:
- Father's deployment did not significantly increase overall anxiety levels in children.
- Girls exhibited clinically relevant scores for panic disorder, school avoidance, and separation anxiety compared to boys, irrespective of deployment status.
- Gender differences in anxiety manifestation warrant further investigation in the context of parental separation.
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