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Clinical Manifestations:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 30, 2025

Rapid, Seamless Generation of Recombinant Poxviruses using Host Range and Visual Selection
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Mpox (Formally Known as Monkeypox).

Molly O'Neill1, Tricia LePage1, Vanessa Bester2

  • 1Sacred Heart University PA Program, College of Health Professions, Sacred Heart University, 5151 Park Avenue, Fairfield, CT 06825, USA.

Physician Assistant Clinics
|May 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This review covers Mpox (formerly monkeypox) epidemiology, transmission, and clinical aspects, focusing on the recent outbreak in non-endemic countries and its impact on the men who have sex with men community. Strategies to prevent stigmatization are also discussed.

Keywords:
Clinical presentationMpox (Monkeypox)OrthopoxvirusOutbreakPreventionSmallpoxTransmissionTreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology and Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Viral Infections

Background:

  • Mpox (formerly monkeypox) is a viral disease with a history of endemicity in certain regions.
  • Recent global outbreaks have highlighted its potential for wider transmission.
  • The men who have sex with men (MSM) community has been disproportionately affected in recent Mpox outbreaks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of Mpox, encompassing its epidemiology, transmission, clinical presentation, diagnosis, prevention, and management.
  • To investigate the current Mpox outbreak in non-endemic countries, specifically the United States.
  • To address the social stigma associated with Mpox, particularly within the MSM community, and propose prevention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Mpox epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and transmission dynamics.
  • Analysis of data pertaining to the current global Mpox outbreak.
  • Examination of historical disease outbreak stigma and its parallels with the current Mpox situation.

Main Results:

  • Mpox presents with a range of clinical symptoms, and transmission occurs through close contact.
  • The recent outbreak has shown a high prevalence within the men who have sex with men (MSM) community in non-endemic areas.
  • Past outbreaks demonstrate a pattern of stigmatization that requires proactive measures to prevent recurrence.

Conclusions:

  • A thorough understanding of Mpox is crucial for effective public health response.
  • Targeted prevention and management strategies are needed, considering the specific demographics affected.
  • Combating social stigma through education and inclusive public health messaging is essential for controlling the Mpox outbreak and protecting vulnerable communities.