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Related Experiment Videos

Changes in plasma catecholamine levels after insula damage in experimental stroke.

K E Smith, V C Hachinski, C J Gibson

    Brain Research
    |June 4, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Stroke affecting the insular cortex in cats significantly increases plasma catecholamines like norepinephrine and epinephrine. This suggests the insula normally inhibits the sympathoadrenal system, which is disrupted by stroke.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • The middle cerebral artery (MCA) is frequently occluded in stroke.
    • The insular cortex plays a role in cardiovascular regulation.
    • Plasma catecholamines are key indicators of sympathoadrenal system activity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) on plasma catecholamine levels.
    • To determine if cerebral infarction involving the insular cortex specifically alters catecholamine levels.
    • To explore the relationship between insular cortex damage and sympathoadrenal system activation post-stroke.

    Main Methods:

    • Permanent occlusion of the left MCA in chloralose-anesthetized cats.
    • Measurement of plasma catecholamine levels (norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine) before and after MCA occlusion.

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  • Histological analysis to confirm the extent of cerebral infarction, particularly involvement of the insular cortex.
  • Comparison of catecholamine levels between animals with insular infarction, non-insular infarction, and sham-operated controls.

    • Main Results:

    • Plasma levels of norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine were significantly elevated 2-5 hours after MCA occlusion in cats with insular cortex infarction.
    • Elevations were 33% for norepinephrine, 44% for epinephrine, and 28% for dopamine compared to preocclusion levels.
    • No significant changes in plasma catecholamine levels were observed in animals with infarction outside the insula or in sham-stroked animals.

    Conclusions:

    • Stroke-induced infarction of the insular cortex leads to a significant increase in plasma catecholamine levels.
    • These findings suggest that the insula exerts an inhibitory influence on central cardiovascular regulating centers.
    • The withdrawal of this inhibitory input following insular infarction results in heightened sympathoadrenal system activity.