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Running water while bathing is a risk factor for pediatric scald burns
William J Moser1, Kristen R Bilka2, Sebastian Q Vrouwe3
1Division of Child Abuse Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Summary
Running water is a significant risk factor in pediatric scald burns from bathing. Current guidelines should be updated to include avoiding running water to prevent these common childhood injuries.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric burn prevention
- Injury epidemiology
- Public health recommendations
Background:
- Scald burns are the most frequent burn injuries in children.
- Bathing scalds offer a key opportunity for injury prevention strategies.
- Existing infant bathing safety advice lacks specific guidance on running water risks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of running water use in pediatric bathing scald burns.
- To assess the role of running water as a risk factor in these injuries.
- To inform updated injury prevention guidelines for infant bathing.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of pediatric patients under 3 years old admitted for bathing scalds (2010-2020).
- Analysis of risk factors including running water, water temperature checks, and caregiver presence.
- Exclusion of abuse or indeterminate injury cases.
Main Results:
- 95% of 101 bathing scald burn cases involved running water.
- Running water was present in 95% of cases with only one identified risk factor.
- The majority of scalds occurred in sinks (60%) or bathtubs (39%).
Conclusions:
- Running water is a critical, under-addressed factor in bathing scald burns.
- Recommendations to avoid running water during infant baths are needed.
- Updated guidelines can help reduce the incidence of pediatric scald injuries.
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