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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Mechanobiology

Background:

  • Embryo axis assembly is critical for vertebrate body plan formation.
  • Gastrulation involves complex morphogenetic movements, but how cells sense mechanical cues is unclear.
  • Yap proteins are known mechanotransducers, but their role in gastrulation is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Yap proteins in gastrulation and embryo axis assembly.
  • To understand how gastrulating cells interpret mechanical cues during development.

Main Methods:

  • Generated double knockout medaka (fish) embryos for yap and yap1b.
  • Analyzed cell migration, displacement, and persistence during gastrulation.
  • Utilized live imaging with sensors to track Yap activity and downstream targets.
  • Performed gene expression analysis to identify Yap targets.

Main Results:

  • Yap/Yap1b knockout medaka embryos failed to assemble the primary axis.
  • Mutant cells exhibited reduced displacement and migratory persistence.
  • Identified genes related to cytoskeletal organization and cell-ECM adhesion as potential Yap targets.
  • Yap promotes cortical actin and focal adhesion recruitment in migratory cells.

Conclusions:

  • Yap proteins are essential for coordinating a mechanoregulatory program during gastrulation.
  • Yap maintains intracellular tension and directed cell migration necessary for embryo axis development.
  • This study elucidates a novel role for Yap in interpreting mechanical cues for developmental processes.