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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Functional Groups02:08

Introduction to Functional Groups

27.1K

Functional groups are group of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups are found along the carbon backbone of macromolecules can form chains or rings of carbon atoms. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.  
Types of common functional groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional...
27.1K
Overview of Advanced Functional Groups02:22

Overview of Advanced Functional Groups

24.3K

Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of Advanced Functional Groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional groups in organic chemistry.
24.3K
Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides02:17

Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides

4.9K
Thiols and sulfides are sulfur analogs of alcohols and ethers, respectively, where the sulfur atom takes the place of the oxygen atom. Thus, thiols are generally represented as RSH, where R is an alkyl substituent and —SH is the functional group. On the other hand, in sulfides, the central sulfur atom is bonded to two hydrocarbon groups on either side. Depending upon the type of group, sulfides can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical. Both thiols and sulfides display a bent geometry,...
4.9K
Overview of Functional Groups01:19

Overview of Functional Groups

11.3K
Functional groups are a group of atoms with characteristic properties, which when linked to the carbon skeleton of a molecule, alter the properties of that molecule. For example, certain functional groups will make a molecule hydrophilic, whereas others will make them hydrophobic. These functional groups are an indispensable part of organic chemistry and important components of biological molecules, such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Each functional group is a unique...
11.3K
Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

5.0K
Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
5.0K
Sulfur Assimilation01:20

Sulfur Assimilation

45
Sulfur is an essential element in biological systems, contributing to synthesizing key biomolecules, including amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, and cofactors such as coenzyme A and biotin. Microorganisms primarily assimilate sulfur as sulfate (SO₄²⁻) from the environment, which must undergo a series of biochemical transformations before it can be incorporated into cellular components. As sulfate is highly oxidized, it must undergo assimilatory sulfate reduction to...
45

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Sulfur-based functional groups in agrochemistry.

Andre Jeanguenat1, Clemens Lamberth1

  • 1Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Research Chemistry, Stein, Switzerland.

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Sulfur is vital in crop protection, not just as elemental fungicide but also within agrochemical structures. This review details 16 sulfur-based functional groups, their synthesis, and key crop protection agents.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Chemistry
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Plant Pathology

Background:

  • Sulfur plays a critical role in crop protection chemistry.
  • It is utilized as elemental sulfur fungicide and integrated into various agrochemical structures.
  • Sulfur-containing functional groups are foundational to several key agrochemical classes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of sulfur-based functional groups in agrochemicals.
  • To detail synthesis approaches for these compounds.
  • To highlight important representatives in crop protection.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications and patents.
  • Categorization of agrochemicals based on sulfur-containing functional groups.
  • Analysis of synthesis pathways and biological activity.

Main Results:

  • Identified and described 16 distinct sulfur-based functional groups.
  • Presented typical synthesis strategies for each group.
  • Highlighted key agrochemical examples, including dithiocarbamate fungicides and sulfonylurea herbicides.

Conclusions:

  • Sulfur-based functional groups are integral to modern crop protection.
  • Understanding their synthesis and application is crucial for developing new agrochemicals.
  • This review serves as a valuable resource for researchers in agricultural chemistry.