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Dopamine mediates the pea aphid wing plasticity.

Xiaomi Liu1, Jennifer A Brisson1

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14610, USA.

Biology Letters
|May 17, 2023
PubMed
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Dopamine levels influence whether pea aphids develop wings. Manipulating dopamine in mothers altered offspring wing development, suggesting dopamine is key to environmental responses in this insect model.

Keywords:
dopaminepea aphidphenotypic plasticitywing dimorphism

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Entomology

Background:

  • Phenotypic plasticity allows organisms to adapt to environmental changes.
  • Pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) display wing dimorphism influenced by population density.
  • Previous research indicated higher dopamine levels in wingless-producing aphid mothers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of dopamine in mediating wing plasticity in pea aphids.
  • To understand the molecular mechanisms behind environmentally induced wing development.

Main Methods:

  • Manipulating dopamine levels in adult female pea aphids using agonists and antagonists.
  • Assessing the percentage of winged offspring produced after dopamine manipulation.
  • Analyzing gene expression related to dopamine synthesis, degradation, and signaling.

Main Results:

  • Dopamine agonist injection decreased winged offspring, while antagonist injection increased it.
  • Gene expression analysis showed no differential expression of dopamine-related genes.
  • Dopamine titre regulation may occur through non-transcriptional mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Dopamine plays a crucial role in mediating phenotypic plasticity in pea aphids.
  • Environmental information processing in organisms can involve dopamine signaling.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the non-transcriptional regulation of dopamine levels.