ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS FOR SURGERY TREATMENT OF CROHN'S DISEASE: A HOSPITAL COHORT

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Surgical Gastroenterology
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research

Background:

• Despite advances in Crohn's disease (CD) therapies, surgery rates remain unchanged in some regions.
• The frequency and impact of emergency surgeries in CD are often underestimated.
• Surgical risks associated with Crohn's disease require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify key risk factors for primary surgery in Crohn's disease patients.
• To determine the clinical indications prompting surgical intervention in CD.
• To analyze surgical outcomes at a tertiary care center.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective cohort study of 107 Crohn's disease patients (2015-2021).
• Utilized a prospectively collected database for comprehensive data.
• Evaluated surgery incidence, procedure types, recurrence, surgery-free time, and risk factors.

Main Results:

• Over half (54.2%) of CD patients underwent surgery, with 68.9% being emergencies.
• Ileal stricture (34.5%) and anorectal fistulas (20.7%) were primary surgical indications.
• Age at diagnosis and perianal disease were significant risk factors for surgery, particularly emergency procedures.

Conclusions:

• Strictures, age at diagnosis, perianal disease, and emergency indications are critical risk factors for Crohn's disease surgery.
• Understanding these factors can guide treatment and potentially reduce emergency surgical rates.
• Further research into surgical risk stratification in CD is warranted.