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Related Concept Videos

Leishmaniasis01:30

Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease caused by species of the genus Leishmania and transmitted through the bite of infected female sandflies. The parasite exists in two principal morphological forms during its life cycle. A sandfly acquires intracellular amastigotes from an infected reservoir host, such as a dog. Within the sandfly, these forms differentiate into motile, flagellated promastigotes. During a subsequent blood meal, promastigotes are injected into the human host, where they...
Anthelminthic Agents01:15

Anthelminthic Agents

Anthelmintic drugs differ significantly from antiparasitic therapies targeting protozoa, primarily due to differences in parasite biology. Whereas most protozoal treatments act on proliferating cells, anthelmintics are typically directed against mature, nonproliferative helminths. The therapeutic approach considers the helminth's reliance on neuromuscular coordination, glucose metabolism, and microtubular integrity for survival, reproduction, and localization within the host. Most anthelmintics...
Antiprotozoal Agents01:21

Antiprotozoal Agents

Leishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by several Leishmania species. It affects millions of people each year and remains a major public health problem in endemic regions. First-line treatment relies on pentavalent antimonials, including meglumine antimoniate and sodium stibogluconate. Even so, how these drugs work has not been fully clear, especially their interaction with parasite-specific biochemical pathways. One key target is trypanothione reductase (TR), an enzyme that...

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Can Ivermectin kill Sarcoptes scabiei during the molting process?

Shenrui Feng1, Minmin Shi1, Zhijuan Yin1

  • 1Parasitology Department, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.

Plos Neglected Tropical Diseases
|May 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Molting scabies mites show reduced susceptibility to ivermectin, potentially explaining treatment failures. Understanding this resistance during the molting process is crucial for effective scabies therapy.

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Area of Science:

  • Parasitology
  • Ectoparasitic Infections
  • Drug Resistance

Background:

  • Scabies, caused by *Sarcoptes scabiei*, is a widespread ectoparasitic infestation.
  • Information regarding the molting process of *Sarcoptes scabiei* and ivermectin's efficacy during this stage is limited.
  • Ivermectin is a primary treatment for scabies, but its effectiveness against molting mites remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the duration and characteristics of the molting process in *Sarcoptes scabiei* mites.
  • To evaluate the activity and efficacy of ivermectin against *Sarcoptes scabiei* mites during their molting phase.

Main Methods:

  • Molting mites were incubated under controlled conditions (35°C, 80% RH) and observed for molt duration.
  • Ivermectin's activity was assessed using two concentrations (0.1 and 0.05 mg/ml) against molting mites.
  • Mortalitity rates and successful molting were recorded to determine ivermectin's impact.

Main Results:

  • The longest observed molting periods were 23 hours for larvae and 30 hours for nymphs.
  • While high concentrations and prolonged exposure of ivermectin killed adult female mites, a significant percentage (32-36%) of molting mites survived and completed molting.
  • Molting *Sarcoptes scabiei* mites exhibited reduced susceptibility to ivermectin compared to active mites.

Conclusions:

  • Molting mites display inherent resistance to ivermectin, contributing to potential treatment failures in scabies.
  • The findings suggest that incomplete molting may allow mites to survive standard ivermectin treatment regimens.
  • Further research into the *Sarcoptes scabiei* molting process is essential for optimizing scabies treatment strategies.