Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Hierarchy of Motor Control

Hierarchy of Motor Control

The hierarchy of motor control refers to the different levels of organization and processing involved in controlling movement in the body. These levels range from higher cortical areas involved in planning and decision-making to lower spinal cord reflexes that respond automatically to external stimuli.

Open and closed-loop control systems

Open and closed-loop control systems

Control systems are foundational elements in automation and engineering. They are broadly categorized into open-loop and closed-loop systems. These classifications hinge on the presence or absence of feedback mechanisms, significantly influencing the system's performance, complexity, and application.
An open-loop control system operates without feedback from the output. It consists of two primary elements: the controller and the controlled process. The controller receives an input signal...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Self-adaptive Under actuated Biomimetic Soft Robotic Hand Exoskeleton to Improve dexterity and Grasping Capabilities.

Bioinspiration & biomimetics·2026

Same author

Augmenting natural skin stretch during active finger motion reshapes hand proprioception.

Journal of the Royal Society, Interface·2026

Same author

Development of a Realistic Physical Phantom for Laparoscopic and Robotic-Assisted Sacrocolpopexy Training and Associated.

IEEE journal of translational engineering in health and medicine·2026

Same author

From autonomy to alliance: Robotic foundation models must learn with us, not just for us.

Science robotics·2026

Same author

IFRA: A Machine Learning-Based Instrumented Fall Risk Assessment Scale Derived from an Instrumented Timed Up and Go Test in Stroke Patients.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same author

Sensory Substitution and Embodiment Shape Performance and Immersion in Teleoperated Settings.

Psychophysiology·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 30, 2025

A Structured Rehabilitation Protocol for Improved Multifunctional Prosthetic Control: A Case Study

A Structured Rehabilitation Protocol for Improved Multifunctional Prosthetic Control: A Case Study

Published on: November 6, 2015

A hierarchical sensorimotor control framework for human-in-the-loop robotic hands.

Lucia Seminara¹, Strahinja Dosen², Fulvio Mastrogiovanni³

¹Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Telecommunication Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.

Science Robotics

|May 17, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a new framework to improve artificial hands using touch sensors. This system enhances dexterity by mimicking the human nervous system for better robotic and prosthetic hand control.

More Related Videos

The Bionic Clicker Mark I & II

The Bionic Clicker Mark I & II

Published on: August 14, 2017

Development of a Novel Task-oriented Rehabilitation Program using a Bimanual Exoskeleton Robotic Hand

Development of a Novel Task-oriented Rehabilitation Program using a Bimanual Exoskeleton Robotic Hand

Published on: May 20, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 30, 2025

A Structured Rehabilitation Protocol for Improved Multifunctional Prosthetic Control: A Case Study

A Structured Rehabilitation Protocol for Improved Multifunctional Prosthetic Control: A Case Study

Published on: November 6, 2015

The Bionic Clicker Mark I & II

The Bionic Clicker Mark I & II

Published on: August 14, 2017

Development of a Novel Task-oriented Rehabilitation Program using a Bimanual Exoskeleton Robotic Hand

Development of a Novel Task-oriented Rehabilitation Program using a Bimanual Exoskeleton Robotic Hand

Published on: May 20, 2020

Area of Science:

Robotics
Neuroscience
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Human manual dexterity is highly dependent on tactile feedback.
Current robotic and prosthetic hands have limited dexterity and underutilize available tactile sensors.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a novel framework for integrating sensing and action in artificial hands.
To enhance the dexterity of human-in-the-loop, haptically enabled robotic and prosthetic hands.

Main Methods:

Modeled a hierarchical sensorimotor control system inspired by the human nervous system.
Developed a framework to link tactile sensing to motor control in artificial hands.

Main Results:

The proposed framework effectively links sensing to action in artificial hands.
Demonstrated potential for significantly improving the dexterity of haptically enabled artificial hands.

Conclusions:

The hierarchical sensorimotor framework offers a promising approach to enhance artificial hand functionality.
This research paves the way for more dexterous and responsive robotic and prosthetic hands.