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Emerging targets in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: what the future looks like

Angelica Petrillo1, Elizabeth C Smyth2, Hanneke W M van Laarhoven3,4

  • 1Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, Via E. Russo, Naples 80147, Italy.

Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology
|May 17, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) treatment is evolving beyond chemotherapy. Emerging targets like fibroblast growth factor receptor and Claudin 18.2, alongside novel agents and cellular therapies, offer new hope for improved patient survival.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) presents a significant clinical challenge due to its heterogeneity and poor prognosis.
  • Chemotherapy has been the standard treatment for metastatic GEA, but survival benefits are often limited.
  • Recent advancements include immunotherapy, showing improved survival in both localized and metastatic settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of emerging molecular targets and novel therapeutic strategies for Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma (GEA).
  • To discuss the latest advancements in targeted therapies and cellular treatments for GEA.
  • To highlight potential avenues for improving patient survival in GEA.

Main Methods:

  • This narrative review synthesizes current literature on GEA molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets.
  • Key emerging targets, including fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and Claudin 18.2, are discussed.
  • Novel agents, established targets (HER2, angiogenesis), and cellular therapies (CAR-T, SPEAR-T) are examined.

Main Results:

  • Immunotherapy has demonstrated improved survival outcomes in GEA.
  • Emerging targets like FGFR and Claudin 18.2, along with their associated drugs, represent promising new treatment options.
  • Novel agents targeting HER2 and angiogenesis, as well as cellular therapies, are under investigation for GEA.

Conclusions:

  • GEA treatment is rapidly advancing with the identification of novel molecular targets and therapeutic modalities.
  • Targeted therapies and cellular treatments hold significant potential to enhance survival rates for GEA patients.
  • Continued research into molecular mechanisms and innovative treatments is crucial for overcoming the challenges posed by GEA.
Keywords:
CAR-T cellClaudin 18.2FGFRSPEAR-Ttarget therapytrastuzumab deruxtecan

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