Custom 3D-Printed Implants for Acetabular Reconstruction: Intermediate-Term Functional and Radiographic Results

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Biomaterials Engineering
• Medical Device Technology

Background:

• Managing massive acetabular defects in revision hip surgery presents challenges due to severe bone loss and compromised bone stock.
• Fixation and mechanical stability of implants can be jeopardized in complex acetabular reconstructions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the functional and radiological outcomes of custom 3D-printed implants with dual-mobility bearings for acetabular reconstruction.
• To assess the efficacy of this technology in treating Paprosky type-3B defects.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective review of 26 patients undergoing acetabular reconstruction with custom 3D-printed implants (2016-2019).
• Patients had Paprosky type-3B defects, with a minimum 36-month follow-up.
• Functional outcomes (Oxford Hip Score) and radiological assessments (bone ingrowth, loosening, migration) were analyzed.

Main Results:

• 100% cumulative implant survivorship was observed over a median follow-up of 53 months.
• Significant improvement in Oxford Hip Score from 8 to 32 (p=0.0001).
• 92% showed bone ingrowth at ≥12 months, with no implant loosening or migration; 1 dislocation and 1 infection occurred.

Conclusions:

• Custom 3D-printed implants with dual-mobility bearings demonstrate excellent functional outcomes and survivorship in complex revision hip surgery.
• High rates of osseointegration and stability were achieved, highlighting the potential of this technology.
• Accurate preoperative planning and custom implants are crucial for successful management of severe acetabular defects.