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Related Concept Videos

Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

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Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
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Obesity01:24

Obesity

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs01:23

Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs

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Behavior genetics explores how genetic inheritance influences human behavior. It focuses on how genes, passed from parents to offspring, contribute to the development of behavioral traits and tendencies. This branch of genetics seeks to understand the complex interplay between inherited genetic factors and environmental influences in shaping our behaviors.
The primary methodologies used in behavior genetics include family studies, twin studies, and adoption studies, each providing unique...
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Polygenic Traits01:18

Polygenic Traits

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When more than one gene is responsible for a given phenotype, the trait is considered polygenic. Human height is a polygenic trait. Studies have uncovered hundreds of loci that influence height, and there are believed to be many more. Due to the high number of genes involved, as well as environmental and nutritional factors, height varies significantly within a given population. The distribution of height forms a bell-shaped curve, with relatively few individuals in the population at the...
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
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Incomplete Dominance01:43

Incomplete Dominance

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Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
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Genetic Contributors to Obesity.

Ramya Sivasubramanian1, Sonali Malhotra2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.

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|May 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic obesity affects about 7% of severe childhood cases. Diagnosis challenges mean its global prevalence is unknown, requiring more research for better treatments.

Keywords:
Genetic obesityPediatric obesitySyndromic obesity

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Genetic obesity accounts for approximately 7% of severe pediatric obesity.
  • The global prevalence of monogenic and syndromic obesity is not well-established.
  • Diagnosis is often missed or delayed, leading to an undertested patient population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the challenges in diagnosing and establishing the prevalence of genetic obesity in children and adolescents.
  • To emphasize the need for further research into genetic obesity phenotypes and treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on genetic obesity prevalence and diagnosis.
  • Analysis of diagnostic challenges and undertesting in pediatric populations.

Main Results:

  • The exact global prevalence of monogenic and syndromic obesity remains undetermined.
  • Lack of consensus on symptom identification hinders timely diagnosis.
  • A significant portion of patients with genetic obesity are likely undiagnosed.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic obesity is a significant contributor to severe childhood obesity.
  • Improved diagnostic criteria and increased testing are crucial.
  • Further large-scale studies are necessary to understand this obesity phenotype and develop effective treatments.