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Exploring brain functional connectivity in patients with taste loss: a pilot study.

Yunmeng Zhu¹, Akshita Joshi², Divesh Thaploo²

¹Interdisciplinary Center Smell & Taste, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany. zhym182@hotmail.com.

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery

|May 17, 2023

Summary

Patients with taste loss exhibit altered brain connectivity, particularly in regions involved in taste and cognitive functions. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) may aid in diagnosing taste dysfunction.

Keywords:

Functional connectivity Gustation Taste loss fMRI

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Sensory processing
Brain imaging

Background:

Previous research indicated heightened gustatory cortex activation in individuals with taste loss during taste stimulation.
Understanding the neural underpinnings of taste loss is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate alterations in central nervous system functional connectivity in patients experiencing taste loss.
To compare functional connectivity patterns between individuals with and without taste loss.

Main Methods:

Utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess brain activity.
Analyzed functional connectivity using a region-of-interest (ROI) approach (ROI-to-ROI FCA).
Studied 7 patients with taste loss and 12 healthy controls under taste and water stimulation conditions.

Main Results:

Patients with taste loss demonstrated weaker functional connectivity between the left and right orbitofrontal cortex during taste stimulation.
Reduced functional connectivity was also observed between the left frontal pole and left superior frontal gyrus in the water condition.
These findings highlight connectivity changes in both taste-related and cognitive-associated brain regions.

Conclusions:

Taste loss is associated with altered functional connectivity in brain regions beyond primary taste processing, including those involved in cognitive functions.
fMRI shows potential as a diagnostic tool for taste loss, particularly in complex or atypical cases.
Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the role of functional connectivity in taste disorders.