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Leaning-Based Interfaces Improve Simultaneous Locomotion and Object Interaction in VR Compared to the Handheld

Abraham M Hashemian, Ashu Adhikari, Ivan A Aguilar

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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Physical walking is the best for virtual reality (VR) navigation, but leaning-based interfaces like HeadJoystick and NaviBoard offer improvements over handheld controllers, enhancing user experience and performance in VR environments.

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    Area of Science:

    • Virtual Reality (VR) and Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)
    • Locomotion Interfaces and User Experience in Virtual Environments

    Background:

    • Physical walking is ideal for VR navigation but limited by real-world space constraints.
    • Handheld controllers for VR navigation can decrease immersion, hinder interaction, and increase motion sickness.
    • Alternative locomotion methods are needed to improve VR experiences.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the effectiveness of different VR locomotion interfaces: physical walking, handheld controller (thumbstick-based), and leaning-based interfaces (HeadJoystick and NaviBoard).
    • To evaluate user performance and experience in a task involving simultaneous locomotion and object interaction across these interfaces.
    • To investigate the impact of locomotion speed on performance with different interfaces.

    Main Methods:

    • Participants used four locomotion interfaces: physical walking, handheld controller, HeadJoystick (seated leaning), and NaviBoard (standing/stepping leaning).
    • A novel task required users to simultaneously navigate and interact with virtual objects (lightsaber targets) within a moving enclosure.
    • Performance metrics included locomotion accuracy, interaction success, and combined task completion; user experience measures included presence and motion sickness.

    Main Results:

    • Physical walking yielded the highest performance in locomotion, interaction, and combined tasks.
    • Leaning-based interfaces (HeadJoystick and NaviBoard) significantly improved user experience and performance compared to the handheld controller.
    • The handheld controller performed the worst, with performance degrading significantly at higher locomotion speeds.

    Conclusions:

    • While physical walking remains superior, leaning-based VR locomotion interfaces offer a viable alternative to handheld controllers, enhancing immersion and reducing negative side effects.
    • NaviBoard (standing/stepping) showed particular promise among leaning interfaces, providing better physical self-motion cues.
    • Interface design significantly impacts VR user experience and task performance, especially concerning locomotion speed and embodiment.