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Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid01:22

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Personality disorders represent enduring cognition, affect, and behavior patterns that significantly deviate from societal norms. These maladaptive traits often lead to difficulties in various domains, including interpersonal relationships, occupational settings, and overall psychological well-being. Paranoid personality disorder and schizoid personality disorder are two distinct conditions marked by odd or eccentric behavior.
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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Antisocial Personality Disorder01:24

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Early Intervention for Personality Disorder.

Andrew M Chanen1, Carla Sharp1, Katie Nicol1

  • 1Orygen, and Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne (Chanen, Nicol); Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston (Sharp); University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, and Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (Kaess).

Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing)
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Summary
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New developmental approaches in the DSM-5 and ICD-11 offer hope for personality disorder in youth. Early intervention is feasible and crucial for improving outcomes in young people with personality disorder.

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Personality DisordersResearch/psychiatric

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) Section III Alternative Model for Personality Disorders and the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11) incorporate a developmental perspective.
  • Personality disorder in young people is associated with significant disease burden, morbidity, mortality, and treatment responsiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To advocate for early diagnosis and treatment of personality disorder in young people.
  • To address barriers hindering the mainstream adoption of early intervention strategies for personality disorder.

Main Methods:

  • Review of evidence regarding the impact and treatability of personality disorder in youth.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to the delayed recognition and treatment of personality disorder.
  • Emphasis on the utility of existing clinical skills for early intervention.

Main Results:

  • Despite evidence of high disease burden and treatment response, personality disorder in youth remains under-recognized and stigmatized.
  • Misconceptions about treatment, such as the necessity of lengthy psychotherapy, impede early intervention.
  • Early intervention is achievable for all clinicians working with young people.

Conclusions:

  • Personality disorder in young people requires a paradigm shift towards early, accessible intervention.
  • Overcoming stigma and educational gaps is essential for integrating personality disorder into mainstream mental health services.
  • Clinicians can effectively implement early interventions using current skills.