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Exploration of Limestone Pillar Stability in Multiple-Level Mining Conditions Using Numerical Models.

Gamal Rashed1, Brent Slaker1, Michael Murphy1

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Pillar stability in multi-level mines is complex. NIOSH research shows pillar overlap and thin interburden significantly impact stability, especially in deep mines.

Keywords:
Ground controlInterburden stabilityLimestoneMultiple-levelPillar offsetPillar stability

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Area of Science:

  • Geotechnical Engineering
  • Mining Engineering
  • Rock Mechanics

Background:

  • Pillar stability is critical in multi-level mining, especially in deep mines with thin interburden or non-stacked pillars.
  • The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is actively researching pillar stability in limestone mines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of interburden thickness, pillar offset, and in situ stress on multi-level pillar stability.
  • To determine critical interburden thickness for minimizing mining level interactions on top-level pillar stability.

Main Methods:

  • Development of FLAC3D models to simulate pillar behavior under various conditions.
  • Validation of FLAC3D models using in situ monitoring data from a multi-level stone mine.

Main Results:

  • Pillar stability is controlled by an interaction of multiple factors, leading to varying degrees of instability.
  • Maximum instability occurred with 10-70% pillar overlap; maximum stability was observed with stacked pillars.
  • Top-level pillars shallower than 100m or with interburden >1.33 times roof span are less impacted by offset.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding multi-level pillar interactions is crucial for improving safety in underground stone mines.
  • This research contributes to reducing the risk of pillar instability in complex mining environments.